{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:50:19Z","timestamp":1792090219191,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6821","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF18OC0052855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF18OC0052855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3103-00137B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3103-00137B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002808","name":"Carlsbergfondet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF21-0139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF21-0139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danish National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNRF79"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNRF79"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013349","name":"LABoratoires d\u2019EXcellence ARCANE","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Plants detect microbes through pattern recognition receptors that perceive conserved microbial surface motifs known as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Lysin motif (LysM) receptors recognize and mediate downstream responses to chitinous MAMPs. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism for the specific recognition of long-chain chitin oligomers and identified a hallmark bridge domain characteristic of the CHITIN PERCEPTION (CHIP) receptor class. Structural analysis of receptor-ligand complexes, biochemistry, and in planta functional studies of inhibitory nanobodies revealed the mechanism of size-selective, high-affinity chitin perception in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lotus japonicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Medicago truncatula<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Additionally, we identified the CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE (CERK) class as low-affinity, yet essential, co-receptors and propose a mechanistic model for a ligand-induced core signaling heterocomplex. Our findings establish the structural and mechanistic basis of differential chitin perception and receptor complex assembly in chitin-elicited plant immune signaling.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adz4600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:03:06Z","timestamp":1792087386000},"page":"298-305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structural basis for size-selective perception of chitin in plants"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"394","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4245-9998","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kira","family":"Gysel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0843-3922","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon Boje","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4667-5700","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Henriette","family":"R\u00fcbsam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8147-9647","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Husam M. A. B.","family":"Alsarraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7124-2638","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eva","family":"Madland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2222-3145","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caroline","family":"Baadegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebbe","family":"Engholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9905-943X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeryl Xin Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7856-3386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emil Christian","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vinther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3525-5452","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Knud J\u00f8rgen","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0158-2802","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mikkel Boas","family":"Thygesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6133-9900","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sebastien","family":"Fort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, Grenoble, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9312-2685","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jens","family":"Stougaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4415-8067","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kasper R\u00f8jkj\u00e6r","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20220372"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2012.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12999-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706795114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb3377"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-051921-114809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60717-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.116657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.201699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.03766"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.027540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.70067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2111031118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00790"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.13279"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-23-4-0510"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.13243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2010.04324.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-04-18-0098-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2426063122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhad082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1312099111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcs113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11103-013-0149-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b08424"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22071038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866023408751"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.1c00413"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601826"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17568-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erz313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205171109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.15075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1243825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.084657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.19863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcu129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023738118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Gysel S. B. Hansen H. R\u00fcbsam H. Alsarraf E. Madland C. Baadegaard E. Engholm J. X. J. Cheng E. C. Poulsen M. Vinther K. Jensen M. B. Thygesen S. Fort J. Stougaard K. R. Andersen Datasets for \u201cStructural basis for size-selective perception of chitin in plants \u201d Zenodo (2026); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.21445481.","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.07.09.663820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.33506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2405671121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2115435118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08940886.2017.1267564"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600577520008723"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909047337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909052925"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444910007493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444909042073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-022-01488-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21511-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","unstructured":"I. J. Tickle C. Flensburg P. Keller W. Paciorek A. Sharff C. Vonrhein G. Bricogne STARANISO Global Phasing Ltd. (2016); http:\/\/staraniso.globalphasing.org\/cgi-bin\/staraniso.cgi."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md19060320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0909049509036681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S2059798316018210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.5c00969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.5b00935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-01156-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Hallgren K. D. Tsirigos M. D. Pedersen J. J. Almagro Armenteros P. Marcatili H. Nielsen A. Krogh O. Winther DeepTMHMM predicts alpha and beta transmembrane proteins using deep neural networks. bioRxiv 2022.04.08.487609 [Preprint] (2022); https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2022.04.08.487609.10.1101\/2022.04.08.487609","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.04.08.487609"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed101169t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0100120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3773(19990614)38:12<1784::AID-ANIE1784>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwl044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005553"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00331586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016765"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.adz4600","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:03:17Z","timestamp":1792087397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.adz4600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6821","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.adz4600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.adz4600","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-30","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}