{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:10:53Z","timestamp":1792156253816,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6804","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32230014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32230014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32230014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32230014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202401BC070014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202401BC070014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32500526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32500526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3400400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3400400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFA0805100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFA0805100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021B1212100001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B1212100001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024C03004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024C03004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025C01115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025C01115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program","award":["STI2030-2021ZD0200100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STI2030-2021ZD0200100"]}]},{"name":"Key Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province of China","award":["202401BC070014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202401BC070014"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Scientist Workshop Project"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011239","name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GREKF22-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GREKF22-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model","award":["GEAM2025-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GEAM2025-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TD2023003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TD2023003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Genomics Data Center","award":["2021B1212100001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B1212100001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The lamprey occupies a pivotal position for elucidating vertebrate brain evolution. Using spatial transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we generated a three-dimensional molecular atlas of the lamprey brain, identifying 209 distinct cell clusters across 14 regions. Cross-species comparisons revealed broad conservation of regional spatial architecture, defining an ancestral organizational blueprint. Within this conserved framework, however, marked lineage-specific divergence emerged. We observed extensive neuronal specialization across vertebrate lineages, accompanied by regulatory shifts associated with spatial reorganization and functional diversification of neuronal populations. Additionally, our results suggest that a cerebellum-like architecture predates the jawed vertebrate cerebellum. Together, these findings identified constraints on neural organization and detected cellular innovations driving evolutionary diversification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aea2535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:03:22Z","timestamp":1781805802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lamprey 3D single-cell transcriptomics reveals ancestral and specialized features of the vertebrate brain"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"392","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4644-0354","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haixu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8621-340X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Duoyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genome and Multi-omics Technologies, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2845-7566","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5122-082X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5258-9203","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhenkun","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6405-5444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zeyu","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7515-1836","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongjie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunqin","family":"Chuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4095-9569","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chunyan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Sanya, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6789-4358","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xun","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1025-3314","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxue","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0047-026X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youning","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4621-0795","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fubaoqian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2473-6131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kuo","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4211-5183","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Genomics Data Center, BGl Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Genomics Data Center, BGl Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-915X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedicine and Health, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5828-5542","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Longqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5338-5173","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9869-2863","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yue","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."},{"name":"Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0019-619X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Spatial Omics of Zhejiang Province, BGI Research, Hangzhou, China."},{"name":"BGI Research, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4379-9014","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bing","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution and Animal Model, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."},{"name":"Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.9.4449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/42.4.743"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Nieuwenhuys C. Nicholson \u201cLampreys Petromyzontoidea\u201d in The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates R. Nieuwenhuys H. J. Donkelaar C. Nicholson (Springer 1998) pp. 397\u2013495.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-18262-4_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01851-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03305-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-020-1137-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108803"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2016.127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-120319-112654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.700860"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000063567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12349"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-023-02170-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-019-0093-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-022-01409-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar4237"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","volume-title":"Lampreys of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Lamprey Species Known to Date","author":"Renaud C. B.","year":"2011","unstructured":"C. B. Renaud, Lampreys of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Lamprey Species Known to Date (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2004.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6716-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.042308.113423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-020-0360-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12403"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00050-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(88)90131-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-020-0292-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0213"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119348109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1528797"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.66.4.921"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01117-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/2006-02-24-IR-813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520500545839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503460102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-020-09941-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21444"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14198-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.14.2723"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abp8202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2025.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03465-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03220-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep30507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12081053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07070-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-023-02299-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06812-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2014.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13279"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5036-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06884-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1385-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf7452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9020063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2781-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2416"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2012.01348.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msx116"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46471\/gigabyte.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471250953.bi1114s51"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"U. Schmidt M. Weigert C. Broaddus G. Myers \u201cCell Detection with Star-Convex Polygons\u201d in Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2018 vol. 11071 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science A. F. Frangi J. A. Schnabel C. Davatzikos C. Alberola-L\u00f3pez G. Fichtinger Eds. (Springer 2018) pp. 265\u2013273.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00934-2_30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Weigert U. Schmidt R. Haase K. Sugawara G. Myers \u201cStar-convex Polyhedra for 3D Object Detection and Segmentation in Microscopy\u201d in Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Aspen CO USA 2 to 5 March 2020 (WACV 2020) pp. 3666\u20133673.","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV45572.2020.9093435"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Weigert U. Schmidt \u201cNuclei Instance Segmentation and Classification in Histopathology Images with Stardist\u201d in 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging Challenges (ISBIC) Kolkata India 28 to 31 March 2022 (IEEE 2022) pp. 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBIC56247.2022.9854534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46471\/gigabyte.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36796-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41695-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160412331269698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","unstructured":"D. Girardeau-Montaut CloudCompare. France: EDF R&D Telecom ParisTech 11 2016 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2018.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1095"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.aea2535","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:04:08Z","timestamp":1781805848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.aea2535"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6804","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.aea2535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aea2535","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-25","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaea2535"}}