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In this work, using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we directly control and observe a single critical-sized bismuth nanocluster within a tunable nanoscale gap, driving it through a reversible cycle from quasi-amorphous nanodisc, to crystalline nanowire, to liquid nanodroplet. The cluster\u2019s aspect ratio, rather than its volume, is the primary descriptor governing these phase transitions, determined by the interplay between intrinsic surface anisotropy and interfacial energetics. Confinement also imposes texture, forcing the nanowire to adopt a preferred\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mfenced close=\"]\" open=\"[\">\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                              <mml:mover accent=\"true\">\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                <mml:mo>\u00af<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mover accent=\"true\">\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                <mml:mo>\u00af<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:mfenced>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    orientation that is absent in unconfined nanoparticles. These results provide the mechanistic foundation for geometry-driven phase and orientation selection, which enables the rational design of nanomaterials through engineered confinement.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aed6019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T18:03:38Z","timestamp":1784225018000},"page":"280-286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Geometrically driven reversible solid-liquid phase transition at the atomic scale"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"393","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2309-1000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China."},{"name":"Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, Xiangyang, China."},{"name":"Nanostructure Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China."},{"name":"Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Protection Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5502-0303","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cheng","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6436-6290","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Weixiao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China."},{"name":"Nanostructure Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 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