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The immune system is increasingly recognized as a broad regulator of host physiology, positioning it as a key driver of maternal adaptation. In this work, we discuss how pregnancy reprograms maternal immunity to orchestrate physiological reprograming of tissues. This framework shifts the view of maternal immunity from one centered on immune homeostasis and fetal tolerance to one in which immune cells actively instruct physiological short- and long-term adaptation across maternal organs to shape health beyond reproduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aeh1405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:00:47Z","timestamp":1790877647000},"page":"46-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Shaping maternal physiology: Immune control of reproductive adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"394","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0297-4349","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dan","family":"Corral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Pregnancy and Lactation, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, 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