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In this study, we show that natural abundances of the rare\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N isotopologue of dinitrogen (N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) provide a direct tracer of biological N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    production across diverse aquatic environments. N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    produced by denitrification and anammox has a near-stochastic\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N distribution [0 per mil (\u2030)], whereas atmospheric N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    carries a distinct\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N excess (19\u2030), allowing the two sources to be quantitatively distinguished. Across aquifers, stratified lakes, coastal basins, oxygen minimum zones, and marine sediments,\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N measurements reveal widespread nitrogen loss previously obscured by physical gas accumulation and nitrogen fixation. Natural\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                    N abundances therefore provide a general framework for directly constraining fixed nitrogen loss across the aquatic nitrogen cycle.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aei0940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1791482431000},"page":"207-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Natural\n                    <sup>15<\/sup>\n                    N\n                    <sup>15<\/sup>\n                    N abundances constrain fixed nitrogen loss"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"394","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4878-6578","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiarui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5914-9107","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David L.","family":"Valentine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Earth Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7247-5230","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Annie","family":"Bourbonnais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8827-1259","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dale T.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6621-0858","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniele","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9934-385X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Grace","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography\/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA, USA."},{"name":"Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6270-3105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M. 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