{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:08:58Z","timestamp":1791616138122,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"71","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The intestinal tract is a common site for various types of infections including viruses, bacteria, and helminths, each requiring specific modes of immune defense. The intestinal epithelium has a pivotal role in both immune initiation and effector stages, which are coordinated by lymphocyte cytokines such as IFN\u03b3, IL-13, and IL-22. Here, we studied intestinal epithelial immune responses using organoid image analysis based on a convolutional neural network, transcriptomic analysis, and in vivo infection models. We found that IL-13 and IL-22 both induce genes associated with goblet cells, but the resulting goblet cell phenotypes are dichotomous. Moreover, only IL-13\u2013driven goblet cells are associated with classical NOTCH signaling. We further showed that IL-13 induces the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway, which acts in a negative feedback loop on immune type 2\u2013driven tuft cell hyperplasia. This is associated with inhibiting\n                    <jats:italic>Sox4<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression to putatively limit the tuft cell progenitor population. Blocking ALK2, a BMP receptor, with the inhibitor dorsomorphin homolog 1 (DMH1) interrupted the feedback loop, resulting in greater tuft cell numbers both in vitro and in vivo after infection with\n                    <jats:italic>Nippostrongylus brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Together, this investigation of cytokine effector responses revealed an unexpected and critical role for the BMP pathway in regulating type 2 immunity, which can be exploited to tailor epithelial immune responses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T13:57:20Z","timestamp":1652450240000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["BMP signaling in the intestinal epithelium drives a critical feedback loop to restrain IL-13\u2013driven tuft cell hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4403-4387","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"H\u00e5vard T.","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7535-8846","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naveen","family":"Parmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6001-2527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claire","family":"Drurey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2561-5429","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta","family":"Campillo Poveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0810-1538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pia M.","family":"Vornewald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2752-8377","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jenny","family":"Ostrop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5146-3089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alberto","family":"D\u00edez-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick M.","family":"Maizels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-8975","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Menno J.","family":"Oudhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEMIR\u2014Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU\u2014Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001921"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2014.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1648"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.822867"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.12.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1146-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.618552"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16460"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130753"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201010127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24489"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12182"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009476"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2009.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12903"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2017.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb300655w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-239178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2012.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0176-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20202178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-021-00430-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24755-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Karo-Atar S. Ouladan T. Javkar L. Joumier M. K. Matheson S. Merritt S. Westfall A. Rochette M. E. Gentile G. Fontes G. J. Fonseca M. Parisien L. Diatchenko J. von Moltke M. Malleshaiah A. Gregorieff I. L. King Direct reprogramming of the intestinal epithelium by parasitic helminths subverts type 2 immunity. bioRxiv 2021.09.25.461778 [ Preprint ]. 25 September 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2021.09.25.461778.","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.09.25.461778"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707210104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093587"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","first-page":"1657","article-title":"Interleukin-22 regulates the homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium during inflammation","volume":"43","author":"Zhang X.","year":"2019","unstructured":"X. Zhang, S. Liu, Y. Wang, H. Hu, L. Li, Y. Wu, D. Cao, Y. Cai, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, Interleukin-22 regulates the homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium during inflammation. Int. J. Mol. Med. 43, 1657\u20131668 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2018.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","first-page":"534","article-title":"IL-22 ameliorates intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis","volume":"118","author":"Sugimoto K.","year":"2008","unstructured":"K. Sugimoto, A. Ogawa, E. Mizoguchi, Y. Shimomura, A. Andoh, A. K. Bhan, R. S. Blumberg, R. J. Xavier, A. Mizoguchi, IL-22 ameliorates intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. J. Clin. Investig. 118, 534\u2013544 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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Chapter 19, Unit 19.12 (2003).","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Sato H. Clevers Primary mouse small intestinal epithelial cell cultures in Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols S. H. Randell M. L. Fulcher Eds. (Humana Press ed. 2 2013) pp. 319\u2013328.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-125-7_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26904-6"}],"container-title":["Science Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T06:40:05Z","timestamp":1705387205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"71","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl6543","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.06.19.160747","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2470-9468"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9468","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"article-number":"eabl6543"}}