{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:37:30Z","timestamp":1790951850374,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"77","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Spike-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are generally considered key correlates of vaccine protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recently, robust vaccine prevention of severe disease with SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape NAb responses has been reported, suggesting a role for other immune parameters for virologic control. However, direct data demonstrating a role of CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells in vaccine protection have not yet been reported. In this study, we show that vaccine-elicited CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells contribute substantially to virologic control after SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. We vaccinated 30 macaques with a single immunization of the adenovirus vector\u2013based vaccine Ad26.COV2.S or sham and then challenged them with 5 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n            median tissue culture infectious dose SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) by the intranasal and intratracheal routes. All vaccinated animals were infected by this high-dose challenge but showed rapid virologic control in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage by day 4 after challenge. However, administration of an anti-CD8\u03b1\u2013 or anti-CD8\u03b2\u2013depleting monoclonal antibody in vaccinated animals before SARS-CoV-2 challenge resulted in higher levels of peak and day 4 virus in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. These data demonstrate that CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells contribute substantially to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq7647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T13:58:10Z","timestamp":1660053490000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["CD8 T cells contribute to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0504-2181","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0775-6623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingyou","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3933-0539","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katherine","family":"McMahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6641-0342","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Catherine","family":"Jacob-Dolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-4426","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9783-302X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria","family":"Giffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6924-5346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cindy","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Sciacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Powers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4102-1265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Felix","family":"Nampanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0641-762X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jessica","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0279-2198","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michelle","family":"Lifton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5654-1744","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2100-8461","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicole P.","family":"Hachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9295-2161","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4523-4997","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tochi","family":"Anioke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5335-7386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-5166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeanne","family":"Muench","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-209X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adrienne","family":"Gamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Boursiquot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7852-0135","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark G.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1103-9608","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hanne","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5127-4659","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dan H.","family":"Barouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm3425"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03041-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2115596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm0829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03681-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04460-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04465-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01700-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abo2202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2119270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.\u00a0E.\u00a0Gray 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of April 21 2022 letter sent to FDA on T-cell assessment in vaccine studies;https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1OPfStqOnuKAEUkrjfFUouXMjDB_-tnmV."}],"container-title":["Science Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq7647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T12:51:10Z","timestamp":1705409470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq7647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"77","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq7647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq7647","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-9468"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9468","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"article-number":"eabq7647"}}