{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:34:43Z","timestamp":1792427683887,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"84","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Group A\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            (GAS) infection is associated with multiple clinical sequelae, including different subtypes of psoriasis. Such post-streptococcal disorders have been long known but are largely unexplained. CD1a is expressed at constitutively high levels by Langerhans cells and presents lipid antigens to T cells, but the potential relevance to GAS infection has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether GAS-responsive CD1a-restricted T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Healthy individuals had high frequencies of circulating and cutaneous GAS-responsive CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            and CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells with rapid effector functions, including the production of interleukin-22 (IL-22). Human skin and blood single-cell CITE-seq analyses of IL-22\u2013producing T cells showed a type 17 signature with proliferative potential, whereas IFN-\u03b3\u2013producing T cells displayed cytotoxic T lymphocyte characteristics. Furthermore, individuals with psoriasis had significantly higher frequencies of circulating GAS-reactive T cells, enriched for markers of activation, cytolytic potential, and tissue association. In addition to responding to GAS, subsets of expanded GAS-reactive T cell clones\/lines were found to be autoreactive, which included the recognition of the self-lipid antigen lysophosphatidylcholine. CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell clones\/lines produced cytolytic mediators and lysed infected CD1a-expressing cells. Furthermore, we established cutaneous models of GAS infection in a humanized CD1a transgenic mouse model and identified enhanced and prolonged local and systemic inflammation, with resolution through a psoriasis-like phenotype. Together, these findings link GAS infection to the CD1a pathway and show that GAS infection promotes the proliferation and activation of CD1a-autoreactive T cells, with relevance to post-streptococcal disease, including the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.add9232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T17:58:24Z","timestamp":1685728704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Group A\n            <i>Streptococcus<\/i>\n            induces CD1a-autoreactive T cells and promotes psoriatic inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3758-0638","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yi-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, 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UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9856-2938","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kristin","family":"Ladell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9416-2737","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David A.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK."},{"name":"Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0827-2022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David A.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5667-056X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7348-9204","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Uzi","family":"Gileadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3640-7043","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hashem","family":"Koohy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"Alan Turing Fellow in Health and Medicine, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3097-045X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Graham S.","family":"Ogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."},{"name":"CAMS-Oxford International Centre for Translational Immunology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32549-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1964.01590270036008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118263"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05552.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"788","article-title":"Throat infections are associated with exacerbation in a substantial proportion of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis","volume":"96","author":"Thorleifsdottir R. 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