{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T03:54:42Z","timestamp":1780890882198,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"78","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its sublineages show pronounced viral escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 variant infection owing to over 30-amino acid alterations within the spike (S) glycoprotein. Breakthrough infection of vaccinated individuals with Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 is associated with distinct patterns of cross-neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). In continuation of our previous work, we characterized the effect of Omicron BA.4\/BA.5 S glycoprotein exposure on the neutralizing antibody response upon breakthrough infection in vaccinated individuals and upon variant-adapted booster vaccination in mice. We found that immune sera from triple mRNA-vaccinated individuals with subsequent breakthrough infection during the Omicron BA.4\/BA.5 wave showed cross-neutralizing activity against previous Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4\/BA.5 itself. Administration of a prototypic BA.4\/BA.5-adapted mRNA booster vaccine to mice after SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain-based primary immunization is associated with broader cross-neutralizing activity than a BA.1-adapted booster. Whereas the Omicron BA.1-adapted mRNA vaccine in a bivalent format (wild-type + BA.1) broadens cross-neutralizing activity relative to the BA.1 monovalent booster, cross-neutralization of BA.2 and descendants is more effective in mice boosted with a bivalent wild-type + BA.4\/BA.5 vaccine. In na\u00efve mice, primary immunization with the bivalent wild-type + Omicron BA.4\/BA.5 vaccine induces strong cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron VOCs and previous variants. These findings suggest that, when administered as boosters, mono- and bivalent Omicron BA.4\/BA.5-adapted vaccines enhance neutralization breadth and that the bivalent version also has the potential to confer protection to individuals with no preexisting immunity against SARS-CoV-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.ade9888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T14:58:09Z","timestamp":1668524289000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Exposure to BA.4\/5 S protein drives neutralization of Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4\/5 in vaccine-experienced humans and mice"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4561-2273","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander","family":"Muik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131 Mainz, 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E.\u00a0Sander, F.\u00a0Kurth, C.\u00a0Kreer, F.\u00a0Klein,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages exhibit distinct antibody escape patterns. Cell Host Microbe7,241 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Weekly COVID-19 country overview - Country overview report: Week 31 (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID Data Tracker. 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