{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T14:44:49Z","timestamp":1794321889595,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"88","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            High neonatal susceptibility to meningitis has been attributed to the anatomical barriers that act to protect the central nervous system (CNS) from infection being immature and not fully developed. However, the mechanisms by which pathogens breach CNS barriers are poorly understood. Using the Armstrong strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) to study virus propagation into the CNS during systemic infection, we demonstrate that mortality in neonatal, but not adult, mice is high after infection. Virus propagated extensively from the perivenous sinus region of the dura mater to the leptomeninges, choroid plexus, and cerebral cortex. Although the structural barrier of CNS border tissues is comparable between neonates and adults, immunofluorescence staining and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that the neonatal dural immune cells are immature and predominantly composed of CD206\n            <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages, with major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII)\n            <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages being rare. In adults, however, perivenous sinus immune cells were enriched in MHCII\n            <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages that are specialized for producing antiviral molecules and chemokines compared with CD206\n            <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages and protected the CNS against systemic virus invasion. Our findings clarify how systemic pathogens enter the CNS through its border tissues and how the immune barrier at the perivenous sinus region of the dura blocks pathogen access to the CNS.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adg6155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T17:57:41Z","timestamp":1696615061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Immaturity of immune cells around the dural venous sinuses contributes to viral meningoencephalitis in neonates"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6726-5957","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Young-Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0122-3105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ji Hoon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7278-0320","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hokyung","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of 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