{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T11:06:49Z","timestamp":1793444809539,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"95","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy for the treatment of neurological autoimmune diseases is promising, but CAR T cell kinetics and immune alterations after treatment are poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell multi-omics sequencing of paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) treated with anti\u2013B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T cells. Proliferating cytotoxic-like CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CAR T cell clones were identified as the main effectors in autoimmunity. Anti-BCMA CAR T cells with enhanced features of chemotaxis efficiently crossed the blood-CSF barrier, eliminated plasmablasts and plasma cells in the CSF, and suppressed neuroinflammation. The CD44-expressing early memory phenotype in infusion products was potentially associated with CAR T cell persistence in autoimmunity. Moreover, CAR T cells from patients with NMOSD displayed distinctive features of suppressed cytotoxicity compared with those from hematological malignancies. Thus, we provide mechanistic insights into CAR T cell function in patients with neurological autoimmune disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adj9730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T13:58:15Z","timestamp":1715349495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Single-cell analysis of anti-BCMA CAR T cell therapy in patients with central nervous system autoimmunity"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5162-3150","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3752-9808","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da-Peng","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luo-Qi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2687-0269","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ming-Hao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."},{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8370-3232","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3215-3020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing IASO Biotechnology Co. 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Qin M. Zhang D. Mou L. Zhou M. Dong L. Huang W. Wang S. Cai Y. You K. Shang J. Xiao D. Wang C. Li Y. Hao M. Heming L. Wu G. Meyer Zu H\u00f6rste C. Dong B. Bu D. Tian W. Wang Single-cell RNA-seq reveals transcriptional characters in human neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and cellular dynamics after BCMA-targeting CAR-T therapy. GSA-Human (2024); https:\/\/ngdc.cncb.ac.cn\/search\/specific?db=hra&q=HRA004788."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","unstructured":"C. Qin M. Zhang D. Mou L. Zhou M. Dong L. Huang W. Wang S. Cai Y. You K. Shang J. Xiao D. Wang C. Li Y. Hao M. Heming L. Wu G. Meyer zu H\u00f6rste C. Dong B. Bu D. Tian W. Wang Codes for the scRNA analysis. 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