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ILC3-derived RANKL [receptor activator of NF-\u03baB (nuclear factor \u03baB) ligand] synergizes with interleukin-13 (IL-13) to facilitate intestinal tuft cell expansion after helminth infection, which further activates the tuft cell\u2013group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) circuit to control helminth infection. Deletion of RANKL in ILC3s or deletion of RANK or its downstream adaptor RelB in intestinal epithelial cells substantially diminishes tuft cell hyperplasia and dampens anthelmintic immunity. Thus, ILC3s play an indispensable role in protecting against helminth infection through the regulation of intestinal tuft cell hyperplasia and type 2 immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adn1491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T17:59:09Z","timestamp":1747418349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["ILC3s promote intestinal tuft cell hyperplasia and anthelmintic immunity through RANK signaling"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7255-3075","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongkai","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China."},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China."},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Immunological Research of Allergy 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