{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:47:39Z","timestamp":1792680459226,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"112","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV remains a key challenge in vaccine development. Germline-targeting immunogens have effectively primed bnAb B cell lineages to individual HIV envelope epitopes in humans and nonhuman primates. However, eliciting consistent bnAb breadth requires the induction of multiple bnAb classes. We investigated whether immunization with a combination of germline-targeting immunogens could concurrently prime multiple bnAb lineages in nonhuman primates. Animals were immunized with three immunogens, targeting distinct epitopes: the V3-glycan\/N332 supersite, the V2 Apex region, and the membrane-proximal external region (MPER), either individually or in combinations of two or all three. Triple combination immunization transiently reduced V2 Apex and V3-glycan responses, but by 8 weeks postboost, bnAb precursor lineages were observed to all three epitopes. Similar somatic hypermutation was observed across groups, indicative of permissive germinal center responses. These findings support combination germline-targeting immunization as a viable strategy to prime multiple bnAb lineages simultaneously.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adu8878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T17:58:24Z","timestamp":1760723904000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Simultaneous induction of multiple classes of broadly neutralizing antibody precursors by combination germline-targeting immunization in nonhuman primates"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6472-7116","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Henry J.","family":"Sutton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA."},{"name":"Consortium for HIV\/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, 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priming of HIV bnAb precursors to multiple epitopes by germline-targeting mRNA-LNP immunogens","volume":"10","author":"Xie Z.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Z. Xie, X. Wang, Y. Yan, J. M. Steichen, K. M. Ma, C. A. Cottrell, E. Melzi, M. Bottermann, P. Maldonado, K. Rantalainen, T. Schiffner, J. E. Warner, S. R. Weldon, T. Prum, J. R. Ellis-Pugh, J. L. Torres, A. M. Jackson, C. T. Flynn, G. Ozorowski, S. Himansu, A. Carfi, A. B. Ward, U. Nair, W. R. Schief, F. D. Batista, Simultaneous priming of HIV bnAb precursors to multiple epitopes by germline-targeting mRNA-LNP immunogens. Sci. Immunol. 10, eadu7961 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. 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