{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:14:49Z","timestamp":1790788489710,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"470","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-EB020539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-EB020539"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HL131829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HL131829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HD069562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HD069562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12-HD047349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12-HD047349"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital Foundation Institutional Grant Program"},{"name":"'Stimulating and Advancing ACCM Research\u2019 (StAAR) grant from the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Transl. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PET reveals spatially heterogeneous rifampin brain penetration, which decreases rapidly with treatment during tuberculous meningitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T00:15:32Z","timestamp":1544055332000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Noninvasive\n            <sup>11<\/sup>\n            C-rifampin positron emission tomography reveals drug biodistribution in tuberculous meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0971-3635","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth W.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Johns Hopkins All Children\u2019s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7153-1894","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Guglieri-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8571-0655","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alvaro A.","family":"Ordonez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittaney","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariah H.","family":"Klunk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4735-1302","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yong S.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Sanchez-Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jogarao V. S.","family":"Gobburu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Peloquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-416X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"William B.","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5483-5914","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert F.","family":"Dannals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4128-5335","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujatha","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6433-1154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vijay D.","family":"Ivaturi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9620-7070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sanjay K.","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."},{"name":"Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0119-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70852-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201712-2524OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30274-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70264-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01146-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01644-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.027326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers (U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2005); https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/Guidances\/UCM078932.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05792-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-198603000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0833"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110785"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161211797470192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis353"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"ii25","article-title":"Antibiotic dosing in critical illness","volume":"66","author":"McKenzie C.","year":"2011","unstructured":"C. McKenzie, Antibiotic dosing in critical illness. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 66 Suppl 2, ii25\u2013ii31 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1441-1453.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aai7786"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3937"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00049.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00007-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12252"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"Rapid Advice: Treatment of Tuberculosis in Children (World Health Organization 2010); http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/44444."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2014.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00641-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-9120(95)02024-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2013.786042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05208-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm901858n"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00789-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","unstructured":"The Radioactive Drug Research Committee: Human Research Without an Investigational New Drug Application (U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2010); www.fda.gov\/downloads\/Drugs\/Guidances\/UCM163892.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","unstructured":"J. N. Abelson M. I. Simon J. Everse K. D. Vandegriff R. M. Winslow Hemoglobins Part B: Biochemical and Analytical Methods (Academic Press 1994) vol. 231 pp. 98\u201399."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cn3001729"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01733779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Child growth standards (2018); www.who.int\/childgrowth\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","unstructured":"S. Beal L. B. Sheiner A. Boeckmann R. J. Bauer NONMEM user's guides (Icon Development Solutions 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2005.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","first-page":"S84","article-title":"Simulation from ODE-based population PK\/PD and systems pharmacology models in R with mrgsolve","volume":"23","author":"Baron K. T.","year":"2015","unstructured":"K. T. Baron, M. R. Gastonguay, Simulation from ODE-based population PK\/PD and systems pharmacology models in R with mrgsolve. J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn. 23, S84\u2013S85 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01550-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05429-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku478","article-title":"Subtherapeutic concentrations of first-line anti-TB drugs in South African children treated according to current guidelines: The PHATISA study","volume":"70","author":"Hiruy H.","year":"2015","unstructured":"H. Hiruy, Z. Rogers, C. Mbowane, J. Adamson, L. Ngotho, F. Karim, T. Gumbo, W. Bishai, P. Jeena, Subtherapeutic concentrations of first-line anti-TB drugs in South African children treated according to current guidelines: The PHATISA study. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 70, 1115\u20131123 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201407-1264OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.03931-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piv035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02600-15"}],"container-title":["Science Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T18:17:00Z","timestamp":1705429020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"470","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aau0965","relation":{},"ISSN":["1946-6234","1946-6242"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1946-6234","type":"print"},{"value":"1946-6242","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"article-number":"eaau0965"}}