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The rate of drug release was related to the composition and concentration of the osmogen and drug and to the physical properties of the semipermeable membrane separating the low- and high-solute compartments. The OMN patch released the peptide drug exenatide in rats and mice for 24 hours, whereas subcutaneous injection resulted in a burst release and rapid decline in the plasma drug concentration. OMN release of exenatide improved glycemic control in a diabetic mouse model consistent with a sustained effective plasma concentration of the drug. Continuous release of the small-molecule chemotherapeutic drug cytarabine reduced the progression of acute myeloid leukemia in mice more effectively than subcutaneous injection. Further evaluation of the OMN patch in canines demonstrated continuous dosing of cytarabine up to 225 milligrams for 24 hours, satisfying clinical requirements (150 to 300 milligrams daily). OMN patches were well tolerated in human participants with minimal pain or irritation of the skin and a stated preference over other administration routes. This wearable drug delivery system could provide a platform for stable high-dose drug release with convenience and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adp3611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T14:00:34Z","timestamp":1732716034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["A wearable osmotic microneedle patch provides high-capacity sustained drug delivery in animal models"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9806-347X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."},{"name":"Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 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