{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:30:45Z","timestamp":1792647045948,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"791","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Transl. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n            is a primary vector of tick-borne pathogens in North America. Repeated exposure to these ticks can induce a humoral response to tick antigens and acquired tick resistance. However, identifying antigens contributing to this resistance is challenging because of the vast number of\n            <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n            proteins secreted during feeding. To address this, we developed\n            <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n            rapid extracellular antigen monitoring (\n            <jats:italic>Isc<\/jats:italic>\n            REAM), a technique to detect antibody responses to more than 3000 tick antigens. We validated\n            <jats:italic>Isc<\/jats:italic>\n            REAM with immunoglobulin G (IgG) from guinea pigs vaccinated with tick antigens, including a cement antigen cocktail that induced tick resistance. Furthermore, we explored the natural response to tick bites by profiling antigens recognized by IgG isolated from a tick-resistant individual, as well as from others with Lyme disease and tick-bitten guinea pigs and mice, to identify 199 recognized antigens. We observed that several antigens contained histamine-binding domains. This work enhances our understanding of the host immune response to\n            <jats:italic>I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n            and defines immunogen candidates for future antitick vaccines.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.ads9207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T18:15:38Z","timestamp":1743012938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tick feeding or vaccination with tick antigens elicits immunity to the\n            <i>Ixodes scapularis<\/i>\n            exoproteome in guinea pigs and humans"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5949-9932","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Department, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7416-0934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yingjun","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam R.","family":"Telford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Tufts Lyme Disease Initiative, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2840-1722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Mar\u00edn-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Calloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7761-3361","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yile","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8056-2825","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jaqueline","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3954-6735","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kathleen","family":"DePonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0919-5679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jillian","family":"Jaycox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98102, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melody","family":"DeBlasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-2049","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dieuwertje","family":"Hoornstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases &amp; Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands."},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Immunology &amp; Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexia A.","family":"Belperron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Rheumatology, Allergy &amp; Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2814-8870","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Balasubramanian","family":"Cibichakravarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8189-8788","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emily E.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5672-6930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohamad-Gabriel","family":"Alameh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0066-2437","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joppe W. 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