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Transl. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Antibiotic resistance in respiratory infections is an escalating global concern that requires innovative antimicrobial approaches.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a common multidrug-resistant pathogen and a major cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia. Accumulating evidence suggests that, at high doses, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) acts as a potent antimicrobial agent. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of iNO at 300 parts per million (iNO\n                    <jats:sub>300<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) as a treatment for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. In vitro,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited a dose-dependent reduction when exposed to an NO donor. In a mechanically ventilated swine model of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    pneumonia, intermittent iNO\n                    <jats:sub>300<\/jats:sub>\n                    therapy resulted in a two-log reduction in bacterial burden, improved oxygenation and lung compliance, and reduced histopathological lung injury. A phase 1 clinical trial in 10 healthy individuals confirmed the safety of intermittent iNO\n                    <jats:sub>300<\/jats:sub>\n                    therapy with no adverse events. In two critically ill patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria, who were in the intensive care unit, iNO\n                    <jats:sub>300<\/jats:sub>\n                    was well tolerated, demonstrating clinical feasibility. Long-term follow-up of patients exposed to high-dose iNO for more than 6 years revealed no adverse outcomes. Our findings establish iNO\n                    <jats:sub>300<\/jats:sub>\n                    as a promising antimicrobial agent against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    pneumonia, warranting further clinical evaluation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.ady2646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T18:58:22Z","timestamp":1769021902000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inhaled nitric oxide at 300 ppm treats multidrug-resistant\n                    <i>Pseudomonas<\/i>\n                    pneumonia in swine and is safe in humans"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5496-2131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binglan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia Center for Critical Care 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