{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:47:56Z","timestamp":1791319676779,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"860","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS134723-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS134723-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 CA236749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 CA236749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 CA163205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 CA163205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Transl. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Glioblastoma remains the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults, with survival largely unchanged despite advances in molecular diagnostics and supportive care. Therapeutic failure reflects fundamental biological and anatomical barriers, including intratumoral heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and restricted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier. In this Review, we summarize the current standard of care and critically examine emerging strategies aimed at overcoming these constraints, including locoregional delivery technologies, immunotherapy, biomarker-defined precision approaches, and adaptive clinical trial designs. We highlight key translational and clinical studies shaping the field and discuss principles for developing more effective, integrated therapeutic paradigms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aeg8772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T18:00:21Z","timestamp":1785348021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Glioblastoma: Overcoming fundamental biological and delivery barriers to therapy"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9461-2291","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Genaro R.","family":"Villa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvey Cushing Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tumors of the Nervous System, Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8990-1849","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ashish D.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6674-0157","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David A.","family":"Reardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5183-1670","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E. Antonio","family":"Chiocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvey Cushing Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Tumors of the Nervous System, Mass General Brigham Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043331"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad149"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac217"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043330"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-00447-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2304194"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.01134"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0205-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015912800604470"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaf177"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.10.1886"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad154"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww046"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-2291"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2025.101732"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1370791"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14336"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","first-page":"vdaf018","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism incidence shortens survival in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma","volume":"7","author":"Sloan A. R.","year":"2025","unstructured":"A. R. Sloan, A. J. Gordillo, A. Kennemer, A. A. Khorana, C. Horbinski, D. C. Kaelber, S. J. Cameron, J. D. Lathia, Venous thromboembolism incidence shortens survival in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma. Neurooncol. Adv. 7, vdaf018 (2025).","journal-title":"Neurooncol. Adv."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2001.95.2.0190"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.2.JNS10998"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.6143"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.5.JNS142087"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac193"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaf239"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70665-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12382"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.1.JNS1291"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","first-page":"vdac040","article-title":"Efficacy of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for newly diagnosed and recurrent IDH wild-type glioblastoma","volume":"4","author":"de Groot J. F.","year":"2022","unstructured":"J. F. de Groot, A. H. Kim, S. Prabhu, G. Rao, A. W. Laxton, P. E. Fecci, B. J. O\u2019Brien, A. Sloan, V. Chiang, S. B. Tatter, A. M. Mohammadi, D. G. Placantonakis, R. E. Strowd, C. Chen, C. Hadjipanayis, M. Khasraw, D. Sun, D. Piccioni, K. D. Sinicrope, J. L. Campian, S. C. Kurz, B. Williams, K. Smith, Z. Tovar-Spinoza, E. C. Leuthardt, Efficacy of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for newly diagnosed and recurrent IDH wild-type glioblastoma. Neurooncol. Adv. 4, vdac040 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurooncol. Adv."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","first-page":"vdab164","article-title":"A phase II study of laser interstitial thermal therapy combined with doxorubicin in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"3","author":"Butt O. H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"O. H. Butt, A. Y. Zhou, J. Huang, W. A. Leidig, A. E. Silberstein, M. G. Chheda, T. M. Johanns, G. Ansstas, J. Liu, G. Talcott, R. Nakiwala, J. S. Shimony, A. H. Kim, E. C. Leuthardt, D. D. Tran, J. L. Campian, A phase II study of laser interstitial thermal therapy combined with doxorubicin in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Neurooncol. Adv. 3, vdab164 (2021).","journal-title":"Neurooncol. Adv."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/5.2.79"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","first-page":"vdab185","article-title":"GammaTile\u00ae brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent glioblastomas","volume":"4","author":"Gessler D. J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"D. J. Gessler, E. C. Neil, R. Shah, J. Levine, J. Shanks, C. Wilke, M. Reynolds, S. Zhang, C. \u00d6z\u00fctemiz, M. Gencturk, M. Folkertsma, W. R. Bell, L. Chen, C. Ferreira, K. Dusenbery, C. C. Chen, GammaTile\u00ae brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent glioblastomas. Neurooncol. Adv. 4, vdab185 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurooncol. Adv."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac133"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-023-04523-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70265-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611977"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.62.6606"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.4157"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-021-01767-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.3001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.4508"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.12.061"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","first-page":"369","article-title":"Controversies in neuro-oncology: Focal proton versus photon radiation therapy for adult brain tumors","volume":"11","author":"Eekers D. B. P.","year":"2024","unstructured":"D. B. P. Eekers, C. M. L. Zegers, K. A. Ahmed, D. Amelio, T. Gupta, S. B. Harrabi, T. Kazda, D. Scartoni, C. Seidel, H. A. Shih, G. Minniti, Controversies in neuro-oncology: Focal proton versus photon radiation therapy for adult brain tumors. Neurooncol. Pract. 11, 369\u2013382 (2024).","journal-title":"Neurooncol. Pract."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab040"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.18718"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.5082"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00344-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00746"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31791-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308573"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308345"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707358"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70164-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox175"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.6.2076"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.JNS14229"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157016312803305951"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.10.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0520-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nop054"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12423"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90755-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2202001804"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf6086"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36340-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00112-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45818-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(25)00492-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov151"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.85841"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08633-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.1024"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac116"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1846"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610497"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa0984"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02875-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2314390"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02893-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0792-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0810-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.75.8219"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716435"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06623-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.12.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02347-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI163446"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00578-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyae339"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1564-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1563-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-11846-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03224-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59614-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08997-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-0764"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad179.0366"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad211"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adv2881"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0337-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0339-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54326-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam7344"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noae144.347"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2024.4361"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noae165.0349"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-0133"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy091"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz222"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-2664"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.5.0804"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02408-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaa149"}],"container-title":["Science Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aeg8772","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T18:00:33Z","timestamp":1785348033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aeg8772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":122,"journal-issue":{"issue":"860","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/scitranslmed.aeg8772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aeg8772","relation":{},"ISSN":["1946-6234","1946-6242"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1946-6234","type":"print"},{"value":"1946-6242","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaeg8772"}}