{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T17:16:43Z","timestamp":1775755003904,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5641","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is initiated by processing long double-stranded RNA into small interfering RNA (siRNA). The siRNA-generating enzyme was purified from\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    S2cells and consists of two stoichiometric subunits: Dicer-2(DCR-2) and a previously unknown protein that we named R2D2. R2D2 is homologous to the\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    RNAi protein RDE-4. Association with R2D2 does not affect the enzymatic activity of DCR-2. Rather, the DCR-2\/R2D2 complex, but not DCR-2 alone, binds to siRNA and enhances sequence-specific messenger RNA degradation mediated by the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). These results indicate that R2D2 bridges the initiation and effector steps of the\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    RNAi pathway by facilitating siRNA passage from Dicer to RISC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,25]],"date-time":"2003-09-25T18:06:52Z","timestamp":1064513212000},"page":"1921-1925","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":577,"title":["R2D2, a Bridge Between the Initiation and Effector Steps of the\n                    <i>Drosophila<\/i>\n                    RNAi Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"301","author":[{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Tim A.","family":"Rand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Savitha","family":"Kalidas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Fenghe","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Hyun-Eui","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Dean P.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Center for Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35888"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.26.15502"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.24.3191"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/418244a"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35053110"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80620-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.23.6877"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00547-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064023"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35005107"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.862301"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","unstructured":"Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00793-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5462.2494"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","unstructured":"Q. Liu et al . unpublished data."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"S. Kalidas et al . in preparation."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1073827"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","unstructured":"We thank G. Hannon E. Bernstein J. Abrams and L. Ford (Ambion) for useful reagents; H. Shu for mass spectrometric analysis; J. Morse for embryo injections; and J. Goldstein K. Lynch J. Rutter X. Jiang L. Wang and P. Mishra for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by a high-risk grant from UT Southwestern Medical Center and by grants from the American Heart Association (EI0040029N) and NIH (DC02539). T.A.R. is in the medical scientist training program. Q.L. is a GlaxoSmithKline Fellow of the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1088710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T20:57:42Z","timestamp":1704833862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1088710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5641","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1088710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1088710","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1015667.200550","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1015667.197715","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]]}}}