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With higher background luminances the a-wave saturates, and no a-wave potential can be elicited with any stimulus intensity. The L-type S-potentials respond to background light in much the same way as the a-wave does. Thus, the b-wave is the first of the known responses in the visual system to show typical adaptation properties. This suggests that the site of visual adaptation may be in the bi-polar-cell layer, the presumed locus of b-wave generation. Recent electron microscopic studies have demonstrated reciprocal synapses between the bipolar terminals and amacrine processes, and it is suggested that such a synaptic arrangement could account for visual adaptation by a mechanism of inhibitory feedback on the bipolar cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.155.3760.273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T11:08:12Z","timestamp":1160046492000},"page":"273-279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["The Site of Visual Adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"John E.","family":"Dowling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P5","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1963.sp007083","volume":"165","year":"1963","unstructured":"ALPERN, M, JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 165: P5 (1963).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.53.000098","volume":"53","year":"1963","unstructured":"BAKER, H.D., INITIAL STAGES OF DARK AND LIGHT ADAPTATION, JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 53: 98 (1963).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"163","year":"1964","unstructured":"Barlow, H. 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