{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T10:12:54Z","timestamp":1770718374885,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"4989","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanism of interleukin-2 (IL-2) signal transduction was analyzed by use of an inducible B lymphoma. Like normal antigen-activated B lymphocytes, the lymphoma cells respond to IL-2 by proliferating and differentiating into antibody-secreting cells; both responses are blocked by a second interleukin, IL-4. Analyses of the signaling pathway showed that IL-2 stimulated the rapid hydrolysis of an inositol-containing glycolipid to yield two possible second messengers, a myristylated diacylglycerol and an inositol phosphate-glycan. The myristylated diacylglycerol response exhibited the same IL-2 dose dependence as the growth and differentiative responses, and the generation of both hydrolysis products was inhibited by IL-4. These correlations implicate the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol system in the intracellular relay of the IL-2 signal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1824727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T22:10:16Z","timestamp":1160086216000},"page":"78-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Glycosylphosphatidylinositol: A Candidate System for Interleukin-2 Signal Transduction"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"251","author":[{"given":"Diane D.","family":"Eardley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106."}]},{"given":"Marian Elliott","family":"Koshland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.3.637","volume":"171","year":"1990","unstructured":"ASAO, H, INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2)-INDUCED TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION OF IL-2 RECEPTOR-P75, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 171: 637 (1990).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90625-2","volume":"47","year":"1986","unstructured":"BLACKMAN, M.A., A MODEL SYSTEM FOR PEPTIDE-HORMONE ACTION IN DIFFERENTIATION - INTERLEUKIN-2 INDUCES A B-LYMPHOMA TO TRANSCRIBE THE J-CHAIN GENE, CELL 47: 609 (1986).","journal-title":"CELL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/302825a0","volume":"302","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brooks, K., Nature 302:825 (1983).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3205","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.10.3205","volume":"137","year":"1986","unstructured":"BROOKS, K.H., RECOMBINANT IL-2 BUT NOT RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-GAMMA STIMULATES BOTH PROLIFERATION AND IGM SECRETION IN A LY-1+ CLONE OF NEOPLASTIC MURINE B-CELLS (BCL1), JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 137: 3205 (1986).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5323-2_19","volume":"213","year":"1987","unstructured":"CAMBIER, J, ADV EXP MED BIOL 213: 195 (1987).","journal-title":"ADV EXP MED BIOL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"1756","volume":"86","year":"1989","unstructured":"CHAN, B.L., NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR STIMULATES THE HYDROLYSIS OF GLYCOSYL-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL IN PC-12 CELLS - A MECHANISM OF PROTEIN KINASE-C REGULATION, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 86: 1756 (1989).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.2.379","volume":"169","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fernandez-Botran, R., Journal of Experimental Medicine 169: 379 (1989).","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(88)90509-0","volume":"53","year":"1988","unstructured":"GAULTON, G.N., REGULATION AND FUNCTION OF AN INSULIN-SENSITIVE GLYCOSYL-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL DURING LYMPHOCYTE-T ACTIVATION, CELL 53: 963 (1988).","journal-title":"CELL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2785715"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.4.1152","volume":"145","year":"1990","unstructured":"KARRAY, S, IL-4 INHIBITS THE EXPRESSION OF HIGH-AFFINITY IL-2 RECEPTORS ON MONOCLONAL HUMAN B-CELLS, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 145: 1152 (1990).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3452","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.10.3452","volume":"142","year":"1989","unstructured":"KAWAKAMI, Y, IL-4 REGULATES IL-2 INDUCTION OF LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER ACTIVITY FROM HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 142: 3452 (1989).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)48172-0","volume":"262","year":"1987","unstructured":"KELLY, K.L., A PHOSPHOOLIGOSACCHARIDE MIMICS THE EFFECT OF INSULIN TO INHIBIT ISOPROTERENOL-DEPENDENT PHOSPHORYLATION OF PHOSPHOLIPID METHYLTRANSFERASE IN ISOLATED ADIPOCYTES, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 262: 15285 (1987).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"6404","volume":"84","year":"1987","unstructured":"KELLY, K.L., GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT AND ANTILIPOLYSIS ARE DIFFERENTIALLY REGULATED BY THE POLAR HEAD GROUP OF AN INSULIN-SENSITIVE GLYCOPHOSPHOLIPID, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 84: 6404 (1987).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(89)90201-2","volume":"181","year":"1989","unstructured":"LEGRAVEREND, C, INTERLEUKIN-2 INDUCES A RAPID INCREASE IN ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE MESSENGER-RNA IN A CLONED MURINE LYMPHOCYTIC-T CELL-LINE, EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH 181: 273 (1989).","journal-title":"EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/340076a0","volume":"340","year":"1989","unstructured":"LOUGHNAN, M.S., INTERLEUKIN-4 AND INTERLEUKIN-5 CONTROL EXPRESSION OF IL-2 RECEPTOR ON MURINE B-CELLS THROUGH INDEPENDENT INDUCTION OF ITS 2 CHAINS, NATURE 340: 76 (1989).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.6.2211","volume":"144","year":"1990","unstructured":"MARTINEZ, O.M., IL-4 INHIBITS IL-2 RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND IL-2-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN T-CELLS, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 144: 2211 (1990).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"467","year":"1981","unstructured":"McHugh, Y., B Lymphocytes in the Immune Response: 467 (1981).","journal-title":"B Lymphocytes in the Immune Response"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5690","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)39418-9","volume":"265","year":"1990","unstructured":"MERIDA, I, PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION ASSOCIATED WITH ACTIVATION OF THE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 265: 5690 (1990).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90012-8","volume":"55","year":"1988","unstructured":"MILLS, G.B., INTERLEUKIN-2 INDUCES PROLIFERATION OF LYMPHOCYTE-T MUTANTS LACKING PROTEIN KINASE-C, CELL 55: 91 (1988).","journal-title":"CELL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90295-X","volume":"59","year":"1989","unstructured":"MOSLEY, B, THE MURINE INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR - MOLECULAR-CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SECRETED AND MEMBRANE-BOUND FORMS, CELL 59: 335 (1989).","journal-title":"CELL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.7.2348","volume":"136","year":"1986","unstructured":"MOSMANN, T.R., 2 TYPES OF MURINE HELPER T-CELL CLONE .1. DEFINITION ACCORDING TO PROFILES OF LYMPHOKINE ACTIVITIES AND SECRETED PROTEINS, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 136: 2348 (1986).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.7.2349","volume":"141","year":"1988","unstructured":"NAGLER, A, THE EFFECTS OF IL-4 ON HUMAN NATURAL-KILLER CELLS - A POTENT REGULATOR OF IL-2 ACTIVATION AND PROLIFERATION, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 141: 2349 (1988).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.6.1605","volume":"160","year":"1984","unstructured":"NAKANISHI, K, BOTH INTERLEUKIN-2 AND A 2ND T-CELL-DERIVED FACTOR IN EL-4 SUPERNATANT HAVE ACTIVITY AS DIFFERENTIATION FACTORS IN IGM SYNTHESIS, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 160: 1605 (1984).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.6.1736","volume":"160","year":"1984","unstructured":"NAKANISHI, K, IG RNA EXPRESSION IN NORMAL B-CELLS STIMULATED WITH ANTI-IGM ANTIBODY AND T-CELL-DERIVED GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION FACTORS, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 160: 1736 (1984).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.1.6.3315808","volume":"1","year":"1987","unstructured":"PAUL, W.E., INTERLEUKIN 4\/B-CELL STIMULATORY FACTOR-I - ONE LYMPHOKINE, MANY FUNCTIONS, FASEB JOURNAL 1: 456 (1987).","journal-title":"FASEB JOURNAL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-120-3-967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)75758-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.16.5793"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3016898"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19979","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47207-4","volume":"264","year":"1989","unstructured":"SALTZMAN, E.M., THE 75,000-DALTON INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR TRANSMITS A SIGNAL FOR THE ACTIVATION OF A TYROSINE PROTEIN-KINASE, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 264: 19979 (1989).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61627-8","volume":"262","year":"1987","unstructured":"SATO, K.L., J BIOL CHEM 262: 2131 (1987).","journal-title":"J BIOL CHEM"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3116668"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2969618"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.1.29","volume":"141","year":"1988","unstructured":"SPITS, H, IL-4 INHIBITS IL-2-MEDIATED INDUCTION OF HUMAN LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS, BUT NOT THE GENERATION OF ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC CYTO-TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T IN MIXED LEUKOCYTE-CULTURES, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 141: 29 (1988).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2492678"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90013-X","volume":"55","year":"1988","unstructured":"VALGE, V.E., PROTEIN KINASE-C IS REQUIRED FOR RESPONSES TO T-CELL RECEPTOR LIGANDS BUT NOT TO INTERLEUKIN-2 IN T-CELLS, CELL 55: 101 (1988).","journal-title":"CELL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.166.4.1055","volume":"166","year":"1987","unstructured":"WANG, H.M., THE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR - FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF ITS BIMOLECULAR STRUCTURE, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 166: 1055 (1987).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.166.5.1447","volume":"166","year":"1987","unstructured":"WIDMER, M.B., REGULATION OF CYTOLYTIC CELL-POPULATIONS FROM HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD BY B-CELL STIMULATORY FACTOR-I (INTERLEUKIN-4), JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 166: 1447 (1987).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3136546"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1824727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T21:07:36Z","timestamp":1705007256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1824727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4989","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1824727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1824727","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,4]]}}}