{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T08:22:10Z","timestamp":1774686130685,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"37","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The magnitude and distribution of net primary production (NPP) in the coastal ocean remains poorly constrained, particularly for shallow marine vegetation. Here, using a compilation of in situ annual NPP measurements across &gt;400 sites in 72 geographic ecoregions, we provide global predictions of the productivity of seaweed habitats, which form the largest vegetated coastal biome on the planet. We find that seaweed NPP is strongly coupled to climatic variables, peaks at temperate latitudes, and is dominated by forests of large brown seaweeds. Seaweed forests exhibit exceptionally high per-area production rates (a global average of 656 and 1711 gC m\n            <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n            year\n            <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n            in the subtidal and intertidal, respectively), being up to 10 times higher than coastal phytoplankton in temperate and polar seas. Our results show that seaweed NPP is a strong driver of production in the coastal ocean and call for its integration in the oceanic carbon cycle, where it has traditionally been overlooked.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T17:59:54Z","timestamp":1663178394000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["Global seaweed productivity"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6057-9937","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Albert","family":"Pessarrodona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6624-4820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jorge","family":"Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCMAR, CIMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Gambelas, Faro, Portugal."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-6797","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karen","family":"Filbee-Dexter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia."},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4620-5899","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael T.","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4533-4114","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Gattuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie de Villefranche, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 181 chemin du Lazaret, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France."},{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations, Sciences Po, 27 rue Saint Guillaume, F-75007 Paris, France."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1213-1361","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia."},{"name":"Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9792-256X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dorte","family":"Krause-Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Vejls\u00f8vej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-2216","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pippa J.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Dove Marine Laboratory, School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4157-541X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dan A.","family":"Smale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1185-9745","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas","family":"Wernberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia."},{"name":"Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway."},{"name":"Roskilde University, Box 260, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5374.237"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05317"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps08665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-8-489-2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-011-9443-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-3-489-2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2008.0210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.13515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-019-0421-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2790"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"363","article-title":"Photosynthesis and productivity of littoral marine algae","volume":"14","author":"Blinks L. R.","year":"1955","unstructured":"L. R. Blinks, Photosynthesis and productivity of littoral marine algae. J. Mar. Res. 14, 363\u2013373 (1955).","journal-title":"J. Mar. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.182.4116.975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.211.4484.838"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"The comparative estimation of phytoplanktonic, microphytobenthic and macrophytobenthic primary production in the oceans","volume":"4","author":"Charpy-Roubaud C.","year":"1990","unstructured":"C. Charpy-Roubaud, A. Sournia, The comparative estimation of phytoplanktonic, microphytobenthic and macrophytobenthic primary production in the oceans. Mar. Microb. Food Webs. 4, 31\u201357 (1990).","journal-title":"Mar. Microb. Food Webs."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"C. G. N. De Vooys in The Global Carbon Cycle. Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) B. Bolin E. T. Degens S. Kempe P. Ketner Eds. (Wiley 1979) pp. 259\u2013292."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Carbon in the biota","volume":"30","author":"Whittaker R. H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"R. H. Whittaker, G. E. Likens, Carbon in the biota. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 30, 281\u2013302 (1973).","journal-title":"Brookhaven Symp. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8817.1977.tb02936.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69238-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"K. L\u00fcning Seaweeds: Their Environment Biogeography and Ecophysiology (John Wiley & Sons Inc. 1990)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-006-0526-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2015RG000483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01554-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps048277"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8817.1982.tb03188.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquabot.2015.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","unstructured":"V. A. Fairhead thesis The University of Adelaide (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps11544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps09594"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2021.105311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/BOT.2009.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2012.02765.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/maec.12074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00392799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2015.00031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2021.109099"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2020.617324"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058223"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14303"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13282"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2018.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2011.56.1.0119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps08909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2012.01804.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01313159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps086077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Pessarrodona J. Assis K. Filbee-Dexter M. T. Burrows J.-P. Gattuso C. M. Duarte D. Krause-Jensen P. J. Moore D. A. Smale T. Wernberg Global seaweed productivity. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-022-01554-5 (2022).","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Wernberg K. Krumhansl K. Filbee-Dexter M. F. Pedersen Status and trends for the world\u2019s kelp forests in World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation: Ecological Issues and Environmental Impacts C. Sheppard Ed. (Academic Press 2019);https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780128050521000036 pp. 57\u201378.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-805052-1.00003-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. J. Olson J. M. O. Scurlock S. D. Prince D. L. Zheng K. R. Johnson in NPP Multi-Biome: Global Primary Production Data Initiative Products R2 (Oak Ridge 2013);https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3334\/ORNLDAAC\/617.","DOI":"10.3334\/ORNLDAAC\/617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2021.1880661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.1884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps12867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seares.2010.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.12693"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-020-0459-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Fragkopoulou E. A. Serr\u00e3o O. De Clerck M. J. Costello M. B. Ara\u00fajo C. M. Duarte D. Krause-Jensen J. Assis Global biodiversity patterns of marine forests of brown macroalgae. 31 636\u2013648 (2022).","DOI":"10.1111\/geb.13450"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-12-1697-2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2020.114515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2008.01390.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/jcgs.2011.09220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1641\/B570707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Cramer R. J. Olson S. D. Prince J. M. O. Scurlock in Terrestrial Global Productivity J. Roy B. Saugier H. A. Mooney Eds. (Academic Press 2001) pp. 429\u2013448.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012505290-0\/50019-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Goudriaan J. J. R. Groot P. W. J. Uithol Productivity of agro-ecosystems in Terrestrial Global Productivity J. Roy B. Saugier H. A. Mooney Eds. (Academic Press 2001) chap. 13 pp. 301\u2013313.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012505290-0\/50014-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. V Finkel Marine Net Primary Production in Global Environmental Change B. Freedman Ed. (Springer 2014) pp. 117\u2013124.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5784-4_42"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-11-2477-2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00338-006-0109-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1997.42.5_part_2.1119"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T21:11:52Z","timestamp":1704834712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abn2465","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"article-number":"eabn2465"}}