{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T03:05:30Z","timestamp":1790478330327,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"32","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of unsaturated carbon-heteroatom bonds is essential for chemical transformations but is often limited by a barrier-intensive surface hydrogen transfer process. The interfacial hydrogen bond (HB) network offers a promising pathway for proton transfer but requires addressing the challenge of nondirectional proton shuttling in three-dimensional space. Here, we create hydrophilic CuO\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    islands on Cu foam (CF) and load electron-enriched Pd (Pd\n                    <jats:sup>\u03b4\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) single atoms as proton traps (Pd\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -CuO\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \/CF) to guide a fast proton transfer along a modified HB network to enhance ECH efficiency. During ECH, hydrophilic CuO\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    islands dissociate H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O into protons and reconstruct the interfacial HB network for facile proton transfer, while the Pd\n                    <jats:sup>\u03b4\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    single atoms reorient H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O molecules to electrostatically attract and reduce protons to active hydrogen, enabling efficient substrate hydrogenation. With guided proton transfer, Pd\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -CuO\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \/CF achieves 99% hydrogenation efficiency for C\u2500Cl bonds, outperforming Pd\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    -CF (69%) and CuO\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \/CF (57%), and demonstrates high selectivity and Faradaic efficiency in hydrogenating C\u2550O and C\u2261N bonds to produce valuable chemicals.\n                  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