{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:48:02Z","timestamp":1793245682173,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6121","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Genome Editing<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) function as part of an adaptive immune system in a range of prokaryotes: Invading phage and plasmid DNA is targeted for cleavage by complementary CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) bound to a CRISPR-associated endonuclease (see the Perspective by\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6121\" page=\"768\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"339\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1234726\">\n                      <jats:bold>van der Oost<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:related-article>\n                    ).\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      Cong\n                      <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    (p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6121\" page=\"819\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"339\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1231143\">819<\/jats:related-article>\n                    , published online 3 January) and\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      Mali\n                      <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    (p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6121\" page=\"823\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"339\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1232033\">823<\/jats:related-article>\n                    , published online 3 January) adapted this defense system to function as a genome editing tool in eukaryotic cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1231143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,4]],"date-time":"2013-01-04T00:46:42Z","timestamp":1357260402000},"page":"819-823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14615,"title":["Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR\/Cas Systems"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"339","author":[{"given":"Le","family":"Cong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. 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