{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:12:40Z","timestamp":1774559560428,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6137","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>What Causes Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Obsessive compulsive disorder is a severe, chronic mental illness that affects millions of individuals. However, the mechanisms underlying this disease are still largely unknown (see the Perspective by\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6137\" page=\"1174\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"340\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1239652\">\n              <jats:bold>Rauch and Carlezon Jr.<\/jats:bold>\n            <\/jats:related-article>\n            ).\n            <jats:bold>\n              Ahmari\n              <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6137\" page=\"1234\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"340\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1234733\">1234<\/jats:related-article>\n            ) stimulated glutamatergic pathways between the orbitofrontal cortex and the ventromedial striatum and used grooming to assess obsessive compulsive behavior in mice. Repetitive stimulation over days triggered changes in the neuronal responses of the ventromedial striatum. Over time, the behavior of the animals became independent of stimulation and could be prevented by the antidepressant fluoxetine.\n            <jats:bold>\n              Burgui\u00e8re\n              <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6137\" page=\"1243\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"340\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1232380\">1243<\/jats:related-article>\n            ) investigated the neural basis of obsessive compulsive symptoms in a mutant mouse that showed excessive expression of a conditioned form of grooming.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,6]],"date-time":"2013-06-06T18:13:33Z","timestamp":1370542413000},"page":"1243-1246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":416,"title":["Optogenetic Stimulation of Lateral Orbitofronto-Striatal Pathway Suppresses Compulsive Behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"340","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Burgui\u00e8re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Guoping","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Graybiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11526-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(94)90039-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2011.13.4\/cotte"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.1207e30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1154433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6620-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00113-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1701-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.83"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170999033X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02734095"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.06.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth936"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5027-04.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502624102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2011.00059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/73949"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1072-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6182-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00522.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"J. 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