{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T06:15:10Z","timestamp":1792822510099,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6203","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>The file drawer is full. Should we worry?<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Experiments that produce null results face a higher barrier to publication than those that yield statistically significant differences. Whether this is a problem depends on how many null but otherwise valid results might be trapped in the file drawer. Franco\n                    <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    use a Time-sharing Experiments in the Social Sciences archive of nearly 250 peer-reviewed proposals of social science experiments conducted on nationally representative samples. They find that only 10 out of 48 null results were published, whereas 56 out of 91 studies with strongly significant results made it into a journal.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>\n                    , this issue p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6203\" page=\"1502\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"345\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1255484\">1502<\/jats:related-article>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1255484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T03:37:29Z","timestamp":1409283449000},"page":"1502-1505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1177,"title":["Publication bias in the social sciences: Unlocking the file drawer"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"345","author":[{"given":"Annie","family":"Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabor","family":"Simonovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440100097014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.3.638"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2982993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1989.10478782"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90201-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02786-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta7010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. 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