{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T10:38:09Z","timestamp":1790678289703,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6272","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,29]],"date-time":"2017-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/about\/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Babylonian astronomers tracked Jupiter<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ancient Babylonian astronomers developed many important concepts that are still in use, including the division of the sky into 360 degrees. They could also predict the positions of the planets using arithmetic. Ossendrijver translated several Babylonian cuneiform tablets from 350 to 50 BCE and found that they contain a sophisticated calculation of the position of Jupiter. The method relies on determining the area of a trapezium under a graph. This technique was previously thought to have been invented at least 1400 years later in 14th-century Oxford. This surprising discovery changes our ideas about how Babylonian astronomers worked and may have influenced Western science.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>, this issue p.<jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6272\" page=\"482\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"351\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.aad8085\">482<\/jats:related-article><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad8085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T19:36:30Z","timestamp":1454009790000},"page":"482-484","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Ancient Babylonian astronomers calculated Jupiter\u2019s position from the area under a time-velocity graph"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"351","author":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Ossendrijver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Excellence Cluster TOPOI\u2013Institute of Philosophy, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. 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