{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T01:10:50Z","timestamp":1786410650444,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6743","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            That neutrinos carry a nonvanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass holds relevance in fields from particle physics to cosmology. We report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium \u03b2-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. On the basis of the first five measurement campaigns, we derived a best-fit value of\n            <jats:inline-formula>\n              <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                <mml:mrow>\n                  <mml:msubsup>\n                    <mml:mi>m<\/mml:mi>\n                    <mml:mi>\u03bd<\/mml:mi>\n                    <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                  <\/mml:msubsup>\n                  <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                  <mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                  <mml:msubsup>\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:mn>0.14<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn>0.15<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn>0.13<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:msubsup>\n                <\/mml:mrow>\n              <\/mml:math>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula>\n            eV\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            , resulting in an upper limit of\n            <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>\u03bd<\/jats:sub>\n            &lt; 0.45 eV at 90% confidence level. Stemming from 36 million electrons collected in 259 measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level, and improved systematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN\u2019s previous bound by a factor of almost two.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adq9592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T18:00:01Z","timestamp":1744308001000},"page":"180-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"388","author":[{"name":"KATRIN Collaboration\u2020","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3471-4103","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Max","family":"Aker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Batzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5142-5162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Armen","family":"Beglarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Data Processing and Electronics (IPE), KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0708-3040","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jan","family":"Behrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justus","family":"Beisenk\u00f6tter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nuclear Physics, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Biassoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)\u2013Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Bieringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nuclear Physics, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9323-0846","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanina","family":"Biondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Astroparticle Physics (IAP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 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