{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T18:10:29Z","timestamp":1789063829433,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6816","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031206","name":"Yamada Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007697","name":"Northern Advancement Center for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007697","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["22K18722"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K18722"]}]},{"name":"Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["24KK0072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24KK0072"]}]},{"name":"Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["25H00678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25H00678"]}]},{"name":"Promotion of Science KAKENHI","award":["23K22550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K22550"]}]},{"name":"JGC-Saneyoshi Scholarship Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Most carbonaceous chondrite (CC) meteorites contain abundant chondrules, millimeter-scale spherical inclusions of previously molten material. Ivuna-type carbonaceous chondrites (CIs) do not contain chondrules, nor do samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu. CIs and Ryugu share isotopic properties distinct from those of other CCs, implying that their parent bodies formed at a different time or place than those of other CCs. We applied manganese-chromium dating and oxygen isotope thermometry to Ryugu and Ivuna samples. The results indicate that the parent bodies of Ryugu and Ivuna formed less than 2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation\u2014before the majority of chondrules in CCs and the parent bodies of other CCs formed. This implies that Ryugu and CIs are remnants of an earlier generation of carbonaceous planetesimals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adw4498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T18:00:33Z","timestamp":1789063233000},"page":"1117-1121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The parent bodies of Ryugu and Ivuna formed before those of other carbonaceous chondrites"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"393","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6502-6488","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-3187","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kazuhide","family":"Nagashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawai\u02bbi Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2335-1359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naoya","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Integrated Innovations, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2578-5521","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wataru","family":"Fujiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0947-9962","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sota","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mathematical Science and Advanced Technology, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9013-2730","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ken-ichi","family":"Bajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0204-0765","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Noriko T.","family":"Kita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7634-4924","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kouki","family":"Kitajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2278-8519","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander N.","family":"Krot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawai\u02bbi Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4281-7839","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gary R.","family":"Huss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawai\u02bbi Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5307-1684","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoshinari","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5729-0166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Al\u00e9on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Mus\u00e9um National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8558-1427","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Conel M. 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