{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T11:20:32Z","timestamp":1770722432531,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,15]],"date-time":"2009-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Sinorhizobium meliloti<\/jats:italic>\n            is a soil bacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen in plant roots. The high genetic diversity of its natural populations has been the subject of extensive analysis. Recent genomic studies of several isolates revealed a high content of variable genes, suggesting a correspondingly large phenotypic differentiation among strains of\n            <jats:italic>S. meliloti<\/jats:italic>\n            . Here, using the Phenotype MicroArray (PM) system, hundreds of different growth conditions were tested in order to compare the metabolic capabilities of the laboratory reference strain Rm1021 with those of four natural\n            <jats:italic>S. meliloti<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates previously analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). The results of PM analysis showed that most phenotypic differences involved carbon source utilization and tolerance to osmolytes and pH, while fewer differences were scored for nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur source utilization. Only the variability of the tested strain in tolerance to sodium nitrite and ammonium sulfate of pH 8 was hypothesized to be associated with the genetic polymorphisms detected by CGH analysis. Colony and cell morphologies and the ability to nodulate\n            <jats:italic>Medicago truncatula<\/jats:italic>\n            plants were also compared, revealing further phenotypic diversity. Overall, our results suggest that the study of functional (phenotypic) variability of\n            <jats:italic>S. meliloti<\/jats:italic>\n            populations is an important and complementary step in the investigation of genetic polymorphism of rhizobia and may help to elucidate rhizobial evolutionary dynamics, including adaptation to diverse environments.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00196-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,27]],"date-time":"2009-06-27T02:01:19Z","timestamp":1246068079000},"page":"5396-5404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Metabolic Capacity of\n            <i>Sinorhizobium<\/i>\n            (\n            <i>Ensifer<\/i>\n            )\n            <i>meliloti<\/i>\n            Strains as Determined by Phenotype MicroArray Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Emanuele G.","family":"Biondi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Tatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 24, 50144 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Comparini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Giuntini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology (Area 3), University of York, P.O. Box 373, York YO10 5YW, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Mocali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.R.A.\u2014Centro di Ricerca per lo Studio delle Relazioni tra Pianta e Suolo, Via della Navicella 2-4, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Giovannetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 24, 50144 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Bazzicalupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Mengoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Viti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 24, 50144 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/w06-130"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00105-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.02969.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.161294798"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"188","volume":"84","year":"1974","unstructured":"Beringer, J. 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