{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:06:23Z","timestamp":1776258383782,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The modulating effect of<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the activity of different antibiotics has been studied in<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>. Our results demonstrate that, in contrast to previous reports, only the activity of imipenem is clearly affected by NAC. MIC and checkerboard determinations indicate that the NAC-based modulation of imipenem activity is dependent mainly on OprD. SDS-PAGE of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) after NAC treatments demonstrates that NAC does not modify the expression of OprD, suggesting that NAC competitively inhibits the uptake of imipenem through OprD. Similar effects on imipenem activity were obtained with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>clinical isolates. Our results indicate that imipenem-susceptible<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>strains become resistant upon simultaneous treatment with NAC and imipenem. Moreover, the generality of the observed effects of NAC on antibiotic activity was assessed with two additional bacterial species,<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>and<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:named-content>. Caution should be taken during treatments, as the activity of imipenem may be modified by physiologically attainable concentrations of NAC, particularly during intravenous and nebulized regimes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00017-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T02:32:47Z","timestamp":1427164367000},"page":"3246-3251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["<i>N<\/i>-Acetylcysteine Selectively Antagonizes the Activity of Imipenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by an OprD-Mediated Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Jer\u00f3nimo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Beltr\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Cabot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estela Yn\u00e9s","family":"Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coloma","family":"Costas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"German","family":"Bou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coru\u00f1a, A Coru\u00f1a, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Microbiolog\u00eda and Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Bl\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02523.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(64)80051-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(03)00232-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/39.5.643"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-004-9583-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"1176","article-title":"Mucoactive agents for airway mucus hypersecretory diseases","volume":"52","author":"Rogers DF","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rogers DF. 2007. 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