{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T21:47:01Z","timestamp":1789595221405,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            is the causative agent of melioidosis, a serious disease endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Antibiotic treatment is lengthy and relapse often occurs. Finafloxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone with increased antibacterial activity in acidic conditions in contrast to other fluoroquinolones which demonstrate reduced activity at a lower pH. Therefore, finafloxacin may have improved efficacy against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            , which can survive within host cells where the local pH is acidic.\n            <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            analysis was performed using MICs, minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), time-kill assays, persister cell assays, and macrophage assays. Finafloxacin showed increased bactericidal activity at pH 5 in comparison to pH 7 and ciprofloxacin at pH 5.\n            <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            studies in BALB\/c mice included pharmacokinetic studies to inform an appropriate dosing regimen. Finafloxacin efficacy was evaluated in an inhalational murine model of melioidosis where antibiotic treatment was initiated at 6 or 24 h postchallenge and continued for 14 days, and mice were observed for 63 days. The survival of infected mice following 14 days of treatment was 80%, 60% or 0% for treatments initiated at 6 h and 60%, 30% or 0% for treatments initiated at 24 h for finafloxacin, co-trimoxazole, or ciprofloxacin, respectively. In summary, finafloxacin has increased bactericidal activity for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            under acidic conditions\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and improves survival in a murine model of melioidosis compared with those for ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, finafloxacin improves bacteriological clearance compared with that of co-trimoxazole, suggesting it may offer an effective postexposure prophylaxis against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00082-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]],"date-time":"2017-04-25T00:55:26Z","timestamp":1493081726000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Demonstrating the Protective Efficacy of the Novel Fluoroquinolone Finafloxacin against an Inhalational Exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Kay B.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karleigh A.","family":"Hamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark I.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Laws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Vente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MerLion Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen S.","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"},{"name":"University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah V.","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13374-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.2.383-416.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(08)70002-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biological and chemical terrorism: strategic plan for preparedness and response","volume":"49","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"2000","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control. 2000. 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