{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:15:07Z","timestamp":1790381707167,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI132836"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI132836"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"HHS | NIH | Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      cause a broad range of human infections with multidrug-resistant strains presenting serious therapeutic challenges in clinics. The discovery of new antibiotics effective against these pathogens is hindered because of effective drug permeability barriers comprising active efflux pumps acting synergistically with the low-permeability outer membrane. In this study, we characterized these barriers in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 43816, a hypervirulent strain broadly used in infection models. For this purpose, we constructed an efflux-deficient strain lacking the outer membrane channel TolC, which is required for activities of most resistance-nodulation-division efflux pumps, a hyperporinated strain producing a large non-specific pore in the outer membrane, and a double-compromised strain combining these two features. We next compared the contributions of the permeability barriers of ATCC 43816 to those of the laboratory\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      BW25113 in antibiotic susceptibilities and persistence and in the intracellular accumulation of fluorescent probes. We identified significant differences between these two related species. Our results show that the outer membranes of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      differ in their permeability to fluorescent probes and antibiotics and that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      is more effective in efflux of various compounds. We further found that nutrient-rich and minimal growth media do not affect permeation of all antibiotics in the same way and that the mechanism of antibiotic action and specific physicochemical properties of each compound play a defining role. Likewise, the roles of permeability barriers in the persistence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      vary, depending on the mechanism of antibiotic action, its external concentration, and the affected barrier.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00085-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T05:49:46Z","timestamp":1750139386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["No two are alike: on the role of\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    permeability barriers in antibiotic susceptibility and persistence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8906-717X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Inga V.","family":"Leus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma","place":["Norman, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8929-4727","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Helen I.","family":"Zgurskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma","place":["Norman, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019","author":"CDC","year":"2019","unstructured":"CDC. 2019. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2024. WHO bacterial priority pathogens list, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. World Health Organization, 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