{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:11:16Z","timestamp":1791277876647,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of resistance to second-line antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs and its association with resistance-related mutations in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolated in China. In the present study, we collected 380 isolates from a population-based study in China and tested the drug susceptibility to first- and selected second-line drugs. These results were compared with polymorphisms in the DNA sequences of genes associated with drug resistance and MIC values of the studied second-line drugs. Of 43 multidrug-resistant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates, 13 showed resistance to fluoroquinolones or injectable second-line drugs (preextensively drug-resistant TB [pre-XDR-TB]), and 4 were resistant to both and thus defined as extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Age and previous TB therapy, including use of second-line drugs, were two independent factors associated with increased resistance to both first- and second-line drugs. Molecular analysis identified the most frequent mutations in the resistance-associated genes: D94G in\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            (29.1%) and A1401G in\n            <jats:italic>rrs<\/jats:italic>\n            (30.8%). Meanwhile, all 4 XDR-TB isolates had a mutation in\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and 3 of them carried the A1401G mutation in\n            <jats:italic>rrs<\/jats:italic>\n            . Mutations in\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>rrs<\/jats:italic>\n            were associated with high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones and the second-line injectable drugs. In addition to the identification of resistance-associated mutations and development of a rapid molecular test to diagnose the second-line drug resistance, it should be a priority to strictly regulate the administration of second-line drugs to maintain their efficacy to treat multidrug-resistant TB.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00102-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T00:46:00Z","timestamp":1370306760000},"page":"3857-3863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Second-Line Drug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Rural China"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Hoffner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Department for Preparedness, Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Solna, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weili","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Tuberculosis global facts","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2010. Tuberculosis global facts. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis control report 2012","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2012. Global tuberculosis control report 2012. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Effectiveness of standard short-course chemotherapy for treating tuberculosis and the impact of drug resistance on its outcome","volume":"4","author":"Han T","year":"2006","unstructured":"HanT. 2006. Effectiveness of standard short-course chemotherapy for treating tuberculosis and the impact of drug resistance on its outcome. Int. J. Evid. Based Healthc. 4:101\u2013117.","journal-title":"Int. J. Evid. Based Healthc"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1108789"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.11.0507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810003158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"1320","article-title":"Mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2009","unstructured":"ZhangY YewWW. 2009. Mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. 13:1320\u20131330.","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.25.13991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.5.1295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199803)41:3<535::AID-ART20>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.571-577.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.3240-3247.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000095971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","volume-title":"Public health mycobacteriology: a guide for the level III laboratory","author":"Kent PT","year":"1985","unstructured":"KentPT KubicaGP. 1985. Public health mycobacteriology: a guide for the level III laboratory. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\/Public Health Service\/Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Advances in techniques of testing mycobacterial drug sensitivity, and the use of sensitivity tests in tuberculosis control programmes","volume":"41","author":"Canetti G","year":"1969","unstructured":"CanettiG FoxW KhomenkoA MahlerHT MenonNK MitchisonDA RistN SmelevNA. 1969. Advances in techniques of testing mycobacterial drug sensitivity, and the use of sensitivity tests in tuberculosis control programmes. Bull. World Health Organ. 41:21\u201343.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"430","article-title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB): recommendations for prevention and control","volume":"81","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2006. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB): recommendations for prevention and control. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec. 81: 430\u2013432.","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/590009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00050-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"250","article-title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis\u2014United States, 1993\u20132006","volume":"56","author":"USCDC","year":"2007","unstructured":"USCDC. 2007. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis\u2014United States, 1993\u20132006. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 56:250\u2013253.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00003710"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-11-200906020-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01947-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00081-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00803-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00201-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00036-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.8.3175-3178.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907925106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3192-3197.2005"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00102-13","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00102-13","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T22:34:40Z","timestamp":1645482880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.00102-13"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.00102-13"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.00102-13","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-01-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-05-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-07-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}