{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:12:40Z","timestamp":1791421960310,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Bacteria from the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:named-content>\n            complex (Bcc) are encountered as industrial contaminants, and little is known about the species involved or their mechanisms of preservative resistance. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that multiple Bcc species may cause contamination, with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. lata<\/jats:named-content>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 17) and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. cenocepacia<\/jats:named-content>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 11) dominant within the collection examined. At the strain level, 11 of the 31 industrial sequence types identified had also been recovered from either natural environments or clinical infections. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) preservative concentrations varied across 83 selected Bcc strains, with industrial strains demonstrating increased tolerance for dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin (DMDMH). Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), DMDMH, methylisothiazolinone (MIT), a blend of 3:1 methylisothiazolinone-chloromethylisothiazolinone (M-CMIT), methyl paraben (MP), and phenoxyethanol (PH), were all effective anti-Bcc preservatives; benzethonium chloride (BC) and sodium benzoate (SB) were least effective. Since\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. lata<\/jats:named-content>\n            was the dominant industrial Bcc species, the type strain, 383\n            <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n            (LMG 22485\n            <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n            ), was used to study preservative tolerance. Strain 383 developed stable preservative tolerance for M-CMIT, MIT, BIT, and BC, which resulted in preservative cross-resistance and altered antibiotic susceptibility, motility, and biofilm formation. Transcriptomic analysis of the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. lata<\/jats:named-content>\n            383 M-CMIT-adapted strain demonstrated that efflux played a key role in its M-CMIT tolerance and elevated fluoroquinolone resistance. The role of efflux was corroborated using the inhibitor\n            <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n            -Phe-Arg-\u03b2-napthylamide, which reduced the MICs of M-CMIT and ciprofloxacin. In summary, intrinsic preservative tolerance and stable adaptive changes, such as enhanced efflux, play a role in the ability of Bcc bacteria to cause industrial contamination.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00140-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]],"date-time":"2013-04-16T01:48:44Z","timestamp":1366076924000},"page":"2972-2980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Key Role for Efflux in the Preservative Susceptibility and Adaptive Resistance of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Rushton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Dowson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Donoghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, Wirral Merseyside, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshwar","family":"Mahenthiralingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00068-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03706.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"383","article-title":"Microbial diversity in pharmaceutical product recalls and environments","volume":"61","author":"Jimenez L","year":"2007","unstructured":"JimenezL. 2007. 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