{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:46:38Z","timestamp":1791650798189,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Valnemulin, a semisynthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic derivative, is greatly active against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycoplasma<\/jats:named-content>\n            . The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of valnemulin against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycoplasma gallisepticum<\/jats:named-content>\n            in a neutropenic intratracheal model in chickens using a pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) method. The PK of valnemulin after intramuscular (i.m.) administration at doses of 1, 10, and 20 mg\/kg of body weight in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. gallisepticum<\/jats:named-content>\n            -infected neutropenic chickens was evaluated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS). Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used for quantitative detection of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. gallisepticum<\/jats:named-content>\n            . The ratio of the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve divided by the MIC (AUC\n            <jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>\n            \/MIC) correlated well with the\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            antibacterial effectiveness of valnemulin (\n            <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            = 0.9669). The AUC\n            <jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>\n            \/MIC ratios for mycoplasmastasis (a reduction of 0 log\n            <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n            color-changing unit [CCU] equivalents\/ml), a reduction of 1 log\n            <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n            CCU equivalents\/ml, and a reduction of 2.5 log\n            <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n            CCU equivalents\/ml are 28,820, 38,030, and 56,256, respectively. In addition, we demonstrated that valnemulin at a dose of 6.5 mg\/kg resulted in a reduction of 2.5 log\n            <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n            CCU equivalents\/ml. These investigations provide a solid foundation for the usage of valnemulin in poultry with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">M. gallisepticum<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00200-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,7]],"date-time":"2015-04-07T01:42:34Z","timestamp":1428370954000},"page":"3754-3760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["<i>In Vivo<\/i>\n            Pharmacokinetic\/Pharmacodynamic Profiles of Valnemulin in an Experimental Intratracheal Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection Model"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan Q.","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA"},{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 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