{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T10:52:22Z","timestamp":1775991142247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole and the potential correlations between pharmacokinetic parameters and patient variables in liver transplant patients on a fixed-dose prophylactic regimen. Multiple blood samples were collected within one dosing interval from 15 patients who were initiated on a prophylactic regimen of voriconazole at 200 mg enterally (tablets) twice daily starting immediately posttransplant. Voriconazole plasma concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters. The mean apparent systemic clearance over bioavailability (CL\/\n            <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n            ), apparent steady-state volume of distribution over bioavailability (\n            <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>ss<\/jats:sub>\n            \/\n            <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n            ), and half-life (\n            <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n            ) were 5.8 \u00b1 5.5 liters\/h, 94.5 \u00b1 54.9 liters, and 15.7 \u00b1 7.0 h, respectively. There was a good correlation between the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity (AUC\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            ) and trough voriconazole plasma concentrations.\n            <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n            , maximum drug concentration in plasma (\n            <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n            ), trough level, AUC\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            , area under the first moment of the concentration-time curve from 0 h to infinity (AUMC\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            ), and mean residence time from 0 h to infinity (MRT\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            ) were significantly correlated with postoperative time.\n            <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n            , \u03bb, AUC\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            , and CL\/\n            <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n            were significantly correlated with indices of liver function (aspartate transaminase [AST], total bilirubin, and international normalized ratio [INR]). The\n            <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n            , last concentration in plasma at 12 h (\n            <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>last<\/jats:sub>\n            ), AUMC\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            , and MRT\n            <jats:sub>0-\u221e<\/jats:sub>\n            were significantly lower in the presence of deficient\n            <jats:italic>CYP2C19*2<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles. Donor characteristics had no significant correlation with any of the pharmacokinetic parameters estimated. A fixed dosing regimen of voriconazole results in a highly variable exposure of voriconazole in liver transplant patients. Given that trough voriconazole concentration is a good measure of drug exposure (AUC), the voriconazole dose can be individualized based on trough concentration measurements in liver transplant patients.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00429-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T03:44:44Z","timestamp":1259034284000},"page":"852-859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics in Liver Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"H. J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8010-9898","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Capitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"},{"name":"Pfizer Global Pharmaceuticals, New York, New York 10019"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Blisard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. K.","family":"Linden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Potoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"},{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Romkes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Venkataramanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.10.3165-3169.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424662"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Abstr. 44th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/324620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200241120-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"FDA. 2001. 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