{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:09:52Z","timestamp":1790784592651,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A plasmid containing the\n            <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n            quinolone resistance determinant and the gene encoding the SHV-2 \u03b2-lactamase has been discovered from a clinical\n            <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            strain isolated in Taiwan. The complete 98-kb sequence of this plasmid, designated pK245, was determined by using a whole-genome shotgun approach. Transfer of pK245 conferred low-level resistance to fluoroquinolones in electroporant\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            epi300. The sequence of the immediate region surrounding\n            <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n            in pK245 is nearly identical (&gt;99% identity) to those of pAH0376 from\n            <jats:italic>Shigella flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n            and pINF5 from\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n            serovar Infantis, the two other\n            <jats:italic>qnr<\/jats:italic>\n            S-carrying plasmids reported to date, indicating a potential common origin. Other genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (\n            <jats:italic>aacC2<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>strA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>strB<\/jats:italic>\n            ), chloramphenicol (\n            <jats:italic>catA2<\/jats:italic>\n            ), sulfonamides (\n            <jats:italic>sul<\/jats:italic>\n            2), tetracycline (\n            <jats:italic>tetD<\/jats:italic>\n            ), and trimethoprim (\n            <jats:italic>dfrA14<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were also detected in pK245. The\n            <jats:italic>dfrA14<\/jats:italic>\n            gene is carried on a class I integron. Several features of this plasmid, including three separate regions containing putative replicons, a partitioning-control system, and a type II restriction modification system, suggest that it may be able to replicate and adapt in a variety of hosts. Although no critical conjugative genes were detected, multiple insertion sequence elements were found scattered throughout pK245, and these may facilitate the dissemination of the antimicrobial resistance determinants. We conclude that pK245 is a chimera which acquired its multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants horizontally from different sources. The identification of pK245 plasmid expands the repertoire of the coexistence of quinolone and extended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactam resistance determinants in plasmids carried by various species of the family\n            <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n            in different countries.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00456-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,25]],"date-time":"2006-10-25T20:58:50Z","timestamp":1161809930000},"page":"3861-3866","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Complete Nucleotide Sequence of pK245, a 98-Kilobase Plasmid Conferring Quinolone Resistance and Extended-Spectrum-\u03b2-Lactamase Activity in a Clinical\n            <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n            Isolate"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Ying-Tsong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Yu","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsai-Lien","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keh-Ming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yih-Ru","family":"Shiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Jou","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ih-Jen","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Feng","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"},{"name":"Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsai-Ling","family":"Lauderdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(88)80734-8","volume":"231","year":"1988","unstructured":"Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my, M., J. Peduzzi, H. B. Yaghlane, and R. Labia. 1988. Single amino acid substitution between SHV-1 beta-lactamase and cefotaxime-hydrolyzing SHV-2 enzyme. FEBS Lett.231:217-220.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.15.4259-4269.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/27.2.573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2006. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standard 7th ed. 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