{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:46:48Z","timestamp":1787237208363,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the major causative agents of foreign-body-related infections, including catheter-related bloodstream infections. Because of the involvement of biofilms, foreign-body-related infections are difficult to treat. P128, a chimeric recombinant phage-derived ectolysin, has been shown to possess bactericidal activity on strains of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , including methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    (MRSA). We tested the killing potential of P128 on three clinically significant species of CoNS,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. epidermidis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. haemolyticus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. lugdunensis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , under a variety of physiological conditions representing growing and nongrowing states. The MIC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    and minimum bactericidal concentration at which 90% of strains tested are killed (MBC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of P128 on 62 clinical strains of CoNS were found to be 16 and 32 \u03bcg\/ml (0.58 and 1.16 \u03bcM), respectively, demonstrating the bactericidal nature of P128 on CoNS strains. Serum showed a potentiating effect on P128 inhibition, as indicated by 4- to 32-fold lower MIC values observed in serum. P128 caused a rapid loss of viability in all CoNS strains tested. Persisters of CoNS that were enriched in the presence of vancomycin or daptomycin were killed by P128 at 1\u00d7 the MIC in a rapid manner. Low concentrations of P128 caused a 2- to 5-log reduction in CFU in stationary-phase or poorly metabolizing CoNS cultures. P128 at low concentrations eliminated CoNS biofilms in microtiter plates and on the surface of catheters. Combinations of P128 and standard-of-care (SoC) antibiotics were highly synergistic in inhibiting growth in preformed biofilms. Potent activity on planktonic cells, persisters, and biofilms of CoNS suggests that P128 is a promising candidate for the clinical development of treatments for foreign-body-related and other CoNS infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00457-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,30]],"date-time":"2017-05-30T20:40:34Z","timestamp":1496176834000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Efficient Killing of Planktonic and Biofilm-Embedded Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by Bactericidal Protein P128"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Nethravathi","family":"Poonacha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandhya","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srividya","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darshan","family":"Tuppad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Hiremath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thulasi","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aradhana","family":"Vipra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umender","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GangaGen Biotechnologies Pvt Ltd., Yeshwantpur, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5151.134184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421946"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30213-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00109-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00036-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01908-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks354"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Multidrug tolerance of biofilms and persister cells","volume":"322","author":"Lewis K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lewis K . 2008. 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