{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:49:08Z","timestamp":1790516948251,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Candida tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n ranks between third and fourth among\n Candida<\/jats:named-content>\n species most commonly isolated from clinical specimens. Invasive candidiasis and candidemia are treated with amphotericin B or echinocandins as first-line therapy, with extended-spectrum triazoles as acceptable alternatives.\n Candida tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n is usually susceptible to all antifungal agents, although several azole drug-resistant clinical isolates are being reported. However,\n C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n resistant to amphotericin B is uncommon, and only a few strains have reliably demonstrated a high level of resistance to this agent. The resistance mechanisms operating in\n C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n strains isolated from clinical samples showing resistance to azole drugs alone or with amphotericin B cross-resistance were elucidated. Antifungal drug resistance was related to mutations of the azole target (Erg11p) with or without alterations of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. The antifungal drug resistance shown\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n correlated very well with the results obtained\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n using the model host\n Galleria mellonella<\/jats:named-content>\n . Using this panel of strains, the\n G. mellonella<\/jats:named-content>\n model system was validated as a simple, nonmammalian minihost model that can be used to study\n in vitro-in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n correlation of antifungals in\n C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n . The development in\n C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n of antifungal drug resistance with different mechanisms during antifungal treatment has potential clinical impact and deserves specific prospective studies.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00477-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]],"date-time":"2013-07-23T02:15:44Z","timestamp":1374545744000},"page":"4769-4781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Candida tropicalis Antifungal Cross-Resistance Is Related to Different Azole Target (Erg11p) Modifications"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Forastiero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Reference Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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