{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:13:58Z","timestamp":1791090838181,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The 8-aminoquinoline analogue sitamaquine (SQ) is an oral antileishmanial drug currently undergoing phase 2b clinical trials for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of action of this drug in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Leishmania donovani<\/jats:named-content>\n            promastigotes. SQ causes a dose-dependent inhibition of complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) of the respiratory chain in digitonin-permeabilized promastigotes, together with a drop in intracellular ATP levels and a decrease of the mitochondrial electrochemical potential. This is associated with increases of reactive oxygen species and intracellular Ca\n            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n            levels, a higher percentage of the population with sub-G\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            DNA content, and exposure of phosphatidylserine. Taken together, these results support a lethal mechanism for SQ that involves inhibition of the respiratory chain complex II, which in turn triggers oxidative stress and finally leads to an apoptosis-like death of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            parasites.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00520-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,14]],"date-time":"2011-06-14T17:44:05Z","timestamp":1308073445000},"page":"4204-4210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["The 8-Aminoquinoline Analogue Sitamaquine Causes Oxidative Stress in Leishmania donovani Promastigotes by Targeting Succinate Dehydrogenase"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Parasitolog\u00eda y Biomedicina L\u00f3pez-Neyra, CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Rom\u00e1n","family":"Luque-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas, CSIC (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Parasitolog\u00eda y Biomedicina L\u00f3pez-Neyra, CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Castanys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Parasitolog\u00eda y Biomedicina L\u00f3pez-Neyra, CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Rivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Biol\u00f3gicas, CSIC (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Gamarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Parasitolog\u00eda y Biomedicina L\u00f3pez-Neyra, CSIC (IPBLN-CSIC), Parque Tecnol\u00f3gico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. del Conocimiento s\/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(98)00029-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00790-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1748"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.7.2023-2029.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq371"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.111-126.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-008-0224-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3300453"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00198-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.186643"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47114-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2007.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2006.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2006.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.1005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00964-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1534-1540.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm901677h"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01415-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20030544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M309341200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201961200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081386"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00645-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(91)90198-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2010.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.108.050161"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq542"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401435"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301975200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.17.5.787"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328010b848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2008.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70011-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(97)02828-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98703-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2840463"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01531-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.871"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","first-page":"1446","article-title":"Sitamaquine (GlaxoSmithKline\/Walter Reed Army Institute)","volume":"3","author":"Yeates C.","year":"2002","unstructured":"YeatesC. 2002. Sitamaquine (GlaxoSmithKline\/Walter Reed Army Institute). Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs 3:1446\u20131452.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs"}],"container-title":["Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00520-11","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/AAC.00520-11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T23:24:00Z","timestamp":1645485840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/AAC.00520-11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/AAC.00520-11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.00520-11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0066-4804","1098-6596"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0066-4804","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6596","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-04-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-06-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-08-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}