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Cationic host defense peptides are on the first line of a host defense system and are thought to be good candidates for treating bacterial infection. Here, a novel cationic host defense peptide, mucroporin, was cloned and characterized from the venom of<jats:italic>Lychas mucronatus<\/jats:italic>. The MIC for<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>was 25 \u03bcg\/ml, including antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Based on the molecular template of mucroporin, mucroporin-M1 was designed by amino acid substitution. The MIC for<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>was 5 \u03bcg\/ml, including the antibiotic-resistant pathogens methicillin-resistant<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative<jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>, penicillin-resistant<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, and penicillin-resistant<jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, mucroporin-M1 also inhibited gram-negative bacteria. The modes of action of mucroporin and mucroporin-M1 were both rapid killing by disrupting the cell membrane of bacteria, and the number of surviving bacteria was reduced by about 4 to 5 orders of magnitude immediately after peptide delivery. These results showed that mucroporin could be considered a potential anti-infective drug, especially for treating antibiotic-resistant pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00542-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,9]],"date-time":"2008-09-09T00:34:23Z","timestamp":1220920463000},"page":"3967-3972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Mucroporin, the First Cationic Host Defense Peptide from the Venom of<i>Lychas mucronatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingliang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01278.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"16","volume":"12","year":"2006","unstructured":"Appelbaum, P. 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