{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T10:30:26Z","timestamp":1749033026973},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Inhalational anthrax, a zoonotic disease caused by the inhalation of\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            spores, has a \u223c50% fatality rate even when treated with antibiotics. Pathogenesis is dependent on the activity of two toxic noncovalent complexes: edema toxin (EdTx) and lethal toxin (LeTx). Protective antigen (PA), an essential component of both complexes, binds with high affinity to the major receptor mediating the lethality of anthrax toxin\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            , capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG2). Certain antibodies against PA have been shown to protect against anthrax\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            . As an alternative to anti-PA antibodies, we produced a fusion of the extracellular domain of human CMG2 and human IgG Fc, using both transient and stable tobacco plant expression systems. Optimized expression led to the CMG2-Fc fusion protein being produced at high levels: 730 mg\/kg fresh leaf weight in\n            <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>\n            and 65 mg\/kg in\n            <jats:italic>N. tabacum<\/jats:italic>\n            . CMG2-Fc, purified from tobacco plants, fully protected rabbits against a lethal challenge with\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            spores at a dose of 2 mg\/kg body weight administered at the time of challenge. Treatment with CMG2-Fc did not interfere with the development of the animals' own immunity to anthrax, as treated animals that survived an initial challenge also survived a rechallenge 30 days later. The glycosylation of the Fc (or lack thereof) had no significant effect on the protective potency of CMG2-Fc in rabbits or on its serum half-life, which was about 5 days. Significantly, CMG2-Fc effectively neutralized,\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , LeTx-containing mutant forms of PA that were not neutralized by anti-PA monoclonal antibodies.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00592-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,19]],"date-time":"2010-10-19T03:54:41Z","timestamp":1287460481000},"page":"132-139","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Recombinant Anthrax Toxin Receptor-Fc Fusion Proteins Produced in Plants Protect Rabbits against Inhalational Anthrax"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Keith L.","family":"Wycoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Belle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothe\u0301e","family":"Deppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Maclean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Haase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"},{"name":"Present address: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 619 Oak St., Cincinnati, OH 45206-1613."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anke K.","family":"Trilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planet Biotechnology Inc., 25571 Clawiter Road, Hayward, California 94545"},{"name":"Present address: Plant Research International, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Toxins and Therapeutics Section, Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen H.","family":"Leppla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Toxins and Therapeutics Section, Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isin N.","family":"Geren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, 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