{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:11:31Z","timestamp":1791277891388,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1164931200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The spread of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QnrA and QnrS was evaluated in a collection of 186 extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-positive enterobacterial isolates from 2002 to 2005 and 185 nalidixic acid-resistant strains isolated during the first 6 months of 2005 at the Bice\u0302tre hospital, France. Out of these 186 ESBL-positive isolates, 2.2 and 1.6% carried a QnrA1 and a QnrS1 determinant, respectively. The ESBLs associated with QnrA1 were VEB-1, SHV-12, and CTX-M-1, whereas those associated with QnrS1 were TEM-52, SHV-12, and CTX-M-1. Among the 185 nalidixic acid-resistant strains isolated in 2005, 0.5 and 2.7% had a QnrA1 determinant and a QnrS1 determinant, respectively. The genetic environments of the\n            <jats:italic>qnrA1<\/jats:italic>\n            gene differed but were always associated with\n            <jats:italic>sul1<\/jats:italic>\n            type integrons. In contrast,\n            <jats:italic>qnrS1<\/jats:italic>\n            genes were not embedded in class 1 integrons but located often (but not systematically) downstream of the insertion sequence IS\n            <jats:italic>Ecl2<\/jats:italic>\n            on plasmids that often carried a novel \u03b2-lactamase gene,\n            <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>LAP-1<\/jats:sub>\n            . This is the first study identifying the QnrS resistance determinant in Europe and indicating that this determinant might also be widespread.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00597-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,22]],"date-time":"2006-11-22T19:39:16Z","timestamp":1164224356000},"page":"3992-3997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Prevalence and Genetic Analysis of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants QnrA and QnrS in\n            <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i>\n            Isolates from a French University Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"Poirel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie, Ho\u0302pital de Bice\u0302tre, Assistance Publique\/Ho\u0302pitaux de Paris, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Paris-Sud, Universite\u0301 Paris XI, 94275 K.-Bice\u0302tre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ce\u0301cile","family":"Leviandier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie, Ho\u0302pital de Bice\u0302tre, Assistance Publique\/Ho\u0302pitaux de Paris, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Paris-Sud, Universite\u0301 Paris XI, 94275 K.-Bice\u0302tre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Nordmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie, Ho\u0302pital de Bice\u0302tre, Assistance Publique\/Ho\u0302pitaux de Paris, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Paris-Sud, Universite\u0301 Paris XI, 94275 K.-Bice\u0302tre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2760269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2005. 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