{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:03:09Z","timestamp":1785927789566,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n            is an important opportunistic pathogen in hospitals, where quaternary ammonium compounds are often used for disinfection. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effect of a biocide on the emergence of biocide- and antibiotic-resistant mutants and to characterize the molecular mechanism of biocide resistance in\n            <jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n            . A quaternary ammonium compound-resistant strain, CRes01, was selected by exposing a wild-type strain of\n            <jats:italic>S. marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n            to cetylpyridinium chloride. The CRes01 cells exhibited 2- to 16-fold more resistance than the wild-type cells to biocides and antibiotics, including cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, and showed increased susceptibilities to \u03b2-lactam antibiotics and\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            -dodecylpyridinium iodide. Mutant cells accumulated lower levels of norfloxacin than the parent cells in an energized state but not in a de-energized state, suggesting that the strain produced a multidrug efflux pump(s). To verify this assumption, we knocked out a putative efflux pump gene,\n            <jats:italic>sdeAB<\/jats:italic>\n            , in CRes01 and found that the knockout restored susceptibility to most quaternary ammonium compounds and antibiotics, to which the CRes01 strain showed resistance. On the basis of these and other results, we concluded that\n            <jats:italic>S. marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n            gains resistance to both biocides and antibiotics by expressing the SdeAB efflux pump upon exposure to cetylpyridinium chloride.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00631-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,15]],"date-time":"2009-09-15T01:31:33Z","timestamp":1252978293000},"page":"5230-5235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Mutational Upregulation of a Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump, SdeAB, upon Exposure to a Biocide, Cetylpyridinium Chloride, and Antibiotic Resistance in\n            <i>Serratia marcescens<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Maseda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumiko","family":"Hashida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rumi","family":"Konaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kourai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Short protocols in molecular biology: a compendium of methods from Current Protocols 5th ed. 2002 vol. 1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/W08-019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/012427-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.2.428-432.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01072-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.5.785"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-46-11-903"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(98)00029-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm314"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.92.5s1.4.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4265\/bio.10.139"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.4.1320-1328.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.3.658-664.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"273","volume":"13","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nakae, T. 1997. 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