{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:50:31Z","timestamp":1793397031175,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    readily forms biofilms on the surface on indwelling medical devices, and these biofilms serve as a source of local and systemic infections. It is estimated that 27% of nosocomial\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    bloodstream infections are polymicrobial, with\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    as the third most common organism isolated in conjunction with\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We tested whether\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    are able to form a polymicrobial biofilm. Although\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    formed poor monoculture biofilms in serum, it formed a substantial polymicrobial biofilm in the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In terms of architecture,\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    formed microcolonies on the surface of the biofilm, with\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    serving as the underlying scaffolding. In addition,\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    matrix staining revealed a different phenotype in polymicrobial versus monomicrobial biofilms, suggesting that\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    may become coated in the matrix secreted by\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans. S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance to vancomycin was enhanced within the polymicrobial biofilm, required viable\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and was in part mediated by\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    matrix. However, the growth or sensitivity to amphotericin B of\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is not altered in the polymicrobial biofilm.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00657-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,29]],"date-time":"2009-06-29T20:59:24Z","timestamp":1246309164000},"page":"3914-3922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":509,"title":["<i>Candida albicans<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Form Polymicrobial Biofilms: Effects on Antimicrobial Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Melphine M.","family":"Harriott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mairi C.","family":"Noverr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-4-344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46569-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.9.3291-3297.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.3.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.42.1.285-292.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.39.1.193-197.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.38.3.921-924.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.50.3.655-659.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"377","volume":"269","year":"1988","unstructured":"Carlson, E. 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