{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:36:32Z","timestamp":1785404192263,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["101004806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101004806"]}]},{"name":"MOSBRI project under the Trans-National Access (TNA) project","award":["MOSBRI-2021-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOSBRI-2021-15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a highly conserved bacterial enzyme essential for glycolysis, yet it also plays important non-metabolic, \u201cmoonlighting\u201d roles, including host immunomodulation. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (mAb01) that targets extracellular GAPDH from\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (GBS) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we demonstrate that mAb01 binds with high affinity, exhibiting dissociation constants in the low nanomolar range for both antigens. Functionally, mAb01 significantly improves survival in a neonatal murine model of sepsis caused by either GBS or\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , two relevant neonatal pathogens. The addition of mAb01 to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      cultures of human peripheral blood infected with GBS or\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      induced a significant decrease in bacterial replication, further supporting its protective potential. These results provide the first demonstration of a high-affinity anti-GAPDH monoclonal antibody that is effective in both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      models of streptococcal infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00666-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T14:00:23Z","timestamp":1768399223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody candidate that targets bacterial GAPDH and protects neonatal mice from infections caused by\n                    <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    or\n                    <i>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5797-4153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolina","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunethep, Biocant Park","place":["Cantanhede, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunethep, Biocant Park","place":["Cantanhede, Portugal"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043pwc612","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ICBAS \u2013 Instituto de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto","place":["Porto, Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Curado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunethep, Biocant Park","place":["Cantanhede, Portugal"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/043pwc612","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"ICBAS \u2013 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