{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:13:10Z","timestamp":1791511990716,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["R01AI158530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI158530"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["U19AI135964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI135964"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012807","name":"Midwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Research Pilot Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Pilot Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["T32AI095207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI095207"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["P01AG049665, R56HL135124, R01HL158139, R21AG075423, R01HL153312, P01HL154998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AG049665, R56HL135124, R01HL158139, R21AG075423, R01HL153312, P01HL154998"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["U01TR003528, P01HL154998, R01HL149883, R01LM013337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01TR003528, P01HL154998, R01HL149883, R01LM013337"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["R21AI174159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI174159"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            It is unclear whether plasma is a reliable surrogate for target attainment in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF). The objective of this study was to characterize meropenem target attainment in plasma and ELF using prospective samples. The first 24-hour T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;MIC<\/jats:sub>\n            was evaluated vs 1xMIC and 4xMIC targets at the patient (i.e., fixed MIC of 2 mg\/L) and population [i.e., cumulative fraction of response (CFR) according to EUCAST MIC distributions] levels for both plasma and ELF. Among 65 patients receiving \u226524 hours of treatment, 40% of patients failed to achieve &gt;50% T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;4xMIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in plasma and ELF, and 30% of patients who achieved &gt;50% T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;4xMIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in plasma had &lt;50% T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;4xMIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in ELF. At 1xMIC and 4xMIC targets, 3% and 25% of patients with &gt;95% T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;MIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in plasma had &lt;50% T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;MIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in ELF, respectively. Those with a CRCL &gt;115 mL\/min were less likely to achieve &gt;50%T\n            <jats:sub>&gt;4xMIC<\/jats:sub>\n            in ELF (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.025). In the population, CFR for\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            at 1xMIC and 4xMIC was &gt;97%. For\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            , CFR was \u226590% in plasma and ranged 80%\u201385% in ELF at 1xMIC when a loading dose was applied. CFR was reduced in plasma (range: 75%\u201381%) and ELF (range: 44%\u201360%) in the absence of a loading dose at 1xMIC. At 4xMIC, CFR for\n            <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            was 60%\u201386% with a loading dose and 18%\u201362% without a loading dose. We found that plasma overestimated ELF target attainment inup to 30% of meropenem-treated patients, CRCL &gt;115 mL\/min decreased target attainment in ELF, and loading doses increased CFR in the population.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00727-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T14:01:12Z","timestamp":1700229672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Individual meropenem epithelial lining fluid and plasma PK\/PD target attainment"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-8198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxane","family":"Rohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1648-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul R.","family":"Yarnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optimal Data Analysis, LLC, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1091-6130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc H.","family":"Scheetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA"},{"name":"Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1675-8276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael N.","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Pharmacokinetics and Bioinformatics, The Saban Research Institute, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1679-9473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengjia","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8827-8581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen K.","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay","family":"Dedicatoria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie H.","family":"Nozick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Medernach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4596-7939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan R.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7131-3691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egon A.","family":"Ozer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA"},{"name":"Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Havey Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estefani","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert H. 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