{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:57:27Z","timestamp":1787497047743,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    produces an antiphagocytic gamma-linked poly-\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    -glutamic acid capsule that is required for virulence. Capsule depolymerase (CapD) is a membrane-associated poly-\u03b3-glutamate-specific depolymerase encoded on the\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    capsule plasmid, pX02, that is reported to contribute to virulence by anchoring the capsule to the peptidoglycan and partially degrading high-molecular-weight capsule from the bacterial surface. We previously demonstrated that treatment with CapD effectively removes the capsule from anthrax bacilli, rendering them susceptible to phagocytic killing in vitro. Here we report that CapD promoted in vivo phagocytic killing of\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacilli by mouse peritoneal neutrophils and that parenteral administration of CapD protected mice in two models of anthrax infection. CapD conferred significant protection compared with controls when coinjected with encapsulated bacilli from fully virulent\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    Ames or the nontoxigenic encapsulated strain \u0394Ames and when injected 10 min after infection with encapsulated bacilli from\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    Ames. Protection was also observed when CapD was administered 30 h after infection with\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394Ames spores, while significant protection could not be demonstrated following challenge with\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    Ames spores. These data support the proposed role of capsule in\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence and suggest that strategies to target anthrax bacilli for neutrophil killing may lead to novel postexposure therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00741-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,26]],"date-time":"2007-12-26T20:25:24Z","timestamp":1198700724000},"page":"1014-1020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Treatment of Experimental Anthrax with Recombinant Capsule Depolymerase"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Angelo","family":"Scorpio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland 21702"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven A.","family":"Tobery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland 21702"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilson J.","family":"Ribot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland 21702"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur M.","family":"Friedlander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland 21702"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"62","volume":"2","year":"1990","unstructured":"Abalakin, V. 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