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In the present study, 290\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n            <jats:italic>meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates in Japan between 2003 and 2020 were examined for the sensitivities to eight antibiotics (azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, meropenem, minocycline, penicillin, and rifampicin). All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, meropenem, minocycline, and rifampicin while two were resistant to azithromycin. Penicillin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant and -intermediate isolates (PCG\n            <jats:sup>R<\/jats:sup>\n            , CIP\n            <jats:sup>R<\/jats:sup>\n            , PCG\n            <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n            and CIP\n            <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n            , respectively) were also identified. Based on our previous findings from whole genome sequence analysis, approximately 40% of PCG\n            <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n            were associated with ST-11026 and cc2057 meningococci, both of which were unique to Japan. Moreover, the majority of ST-11026 meningococci were CIP\n            <jats:sup>R<\/jats:sup>\n            or CIP\n            <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n            . Sensitivities to PCG and CIP were closely associated with genetic features, which indicated that, at least for Japanese meningococcal isolates, PCG\n            <jats:sup>R\/I<\/jats:sup>\n            or CIP\n            <jats:sup>I\/R<\/jats:sup>\n            would be less likely to be horizontally conferred from other neisserial genomes by transferring of the genes responsible (\n            <jats:italic>penA<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n            genes, respectively), but rather that ancestral\n            <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n            strains conferring PCG\n            <jats:sup>R\/I<\/jats:sup>\n            or CIP\n            <jats:sup>I\/R<\/jats:sup>\n            phenotypes clonally disseminated in Japan.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00744-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T14:31:17Z","timestamp":1698157877000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Emergence of ciprofloxacin- and penicillin-resistant\n            <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>\n            isolates in Japan between 2003 and 2020 and its genetic features"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8934-8043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatomo","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munehisa","family":"Fukusumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatomi","family":"Sunagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National 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